Fully-Integrated High-Conversion-Ratio Dual-Output Voltage Boost Converter With MPPT for Low-Voltage Energy Harvesting

Ozaki, Toshihiro; Hirose, Takahisa; Asano, Hitoshi; Kuroki, Nobutaka; Numa, Masahiro

doi:10.1109/jssc.2016.2582857

Cited by 63 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…1 also shows, two main conventional ways to perform the MPPT can be distinguished: closed-loop and open-loop [21]. The first one implements algorithms such as hill climbing where the PMU input impedance is adjusted step by step to reach the optimal point depending on the PMU output, which is measured discontinuously to reduce power consumption at the cost of a slow response to rapid input variations [17], [22]- [24]. The second approach is based on current or voltage measurements of the photodiode without taking into account the PMU output.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Micro-Energy Harvesting System Including a PMU and a Solar Cell on the Same Substrate With Cold Startup From 2.38 nW and Input Power Range up to 10 $\mu$W Using Continuous MPPT

Ferro

Brea

López

et al. 2019

IEEE Trans. Power Electron.

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This paper presents a Power Management Unit (PMU) powered by a 1 mm 2 solar cell on the same substrate to rise up the harvested voltage above 1.1 V. The on-chip solar cell and the PMU are fabricated in standard 0.18 μm CMOS technology achieving a form factor of 1.575 mm 2. The PMU is able to start up from a harvested power of 2.38 nW without any external kick off or control signal. The PMU features a continuous and two-dimensional Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) working in open-loop mode to handle a harvested power range from nW to μW, by modifying both the charge pump topology and the switching frequency. The MPPT is based on four voltage level detectors that define five working regions depending on the illumination and on a self-tuning reference current for a fine adjustment of the switching frequency. The chip also includes an auxiliary charge pump to generate the voltage level necessary for the control circuit, implemented as a Pelliconi charge pump of 8 stages with NMOS transistors in Pwell as diodes. A Dickson charge pump with transmission gates as switches and with variable gain and capacitance per stage is also designed as the main charge pump. Finally, two relaxation oscillators are implemented to drive both charge pumps. This paper is accompanied by a video file demonstrating the PMU operation by powering an off-chip NAND gate.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Micro-Energy Harvesting System Including a PMU and a Solar Cell on the Same Substrate With Cold Startup From 2.38 nW and Input Power Range up to 10 $\mu$W Using Continuous MPPT

Ferro

Brea

López

et al. 2019

IEEE Trans. Power Electron.

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“…Thermoelectric generators (TEGs) can generate electric energy from a subtle temperature difference, and therefore they can be used as energy sources for wearable electronics applications. However, it is quite difficult to operate them stably because the output voltages of the TEGs are too low for LSI systems [12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24]. Therefore, a power management system (PMS) that can operate with an extremely low-voltage input is strongly required.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A 35-mV supply ring oscillator consisting of stacked body bias inverters for extremely low-voltage LSIs

Nishi

Matsumoto

Kuroki

et al. 2021

IEICE Electron. Express

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This paper proposes a ring oscillator (ROSC) for extremely low-voltage LSI applications. The ROSC consists of dedicated low-voltage stacked body bias inverters (SBBIs) that are based on the conventional selfbias inverter (SBI) and stacked inverter (SI). The proposed SBBI employs the advantages of both SBI and SI to oscillate at extremely low supply voltage. The voltage gain of the proposed SBBI is improved by controlling main inverter's supply (DD and Gnd) and body-bias voltages, by using stacked and feedback inverters. The novelty of our proposed SBBI is in the combination of the conventional low-voltage circuit design techniques and its demonstration at extremely low supply voltage. Simulated and measured results in a 0.18-m CMOS process with deep n-well option demonstrated that the proposed ROSC can operate at extremely low supply voltage of 35 mV and generate a clock with a 88% voltage swing from an input supply voltage of 50 mV. To the best of the authors' knowledge, this is the lowest supply voltage CMOS ring oscillator ever reported.

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“…Power consumption of ULP analog-frontend (AFE) and transceivers are ever decreasing, prompting the use of energy harvesting (EH) as an alternative solution to batteries where their replacement is a constraint and impractical for implantable devices. Research works are keen on harvesting ambient energy from solar [6,7], thermal [8], vibration [9], or electromagnetic/RF [10] to power up ULP devices.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Low-Voltage Capacitive-Based Step-Up DC-DC Converters for RF Energy Harvesting System: A Review

et al. 2020

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Bulky off-chip inductors are predominantly adopted for inductive-based step-up DC-DC converter in RF energy harvesting (RFEH) systems, which impose a restriction in physical form factor for miniaturized device. This paper review and explores the capacitive-based step-up DC-DC converters (charge-pump) as voltage boosting element for low-voltage RFEH systems. An overview of RFEH is established and a comprehensive review of CMOS charge-pump is followed along with the complementary frequency generation circuit used as a clocking element. Key design considerations of charge-pump circuits are included here along with recommendations to circumvent its bottlenecks for future development in RFEH systems. INDEX TERMS-RF energy harvesting (RFEH), charge-pump, capacitive-based converters, DC-DC converter, CMOS.

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Fully-Integrated High-Conversion-Ratio Dual-Output Voltage Boost Converter With MPPT for Low-Voltage Energy Harvesting

Cited by 63 publications

References 14 publications

Micro-Energy Harvesting System Including a PMU and a Solar Cell on the Same Substrate With Cold Startup From 2.38 nW and Input Power Range up to 10 $\mu$W Using Continuous MPPT

Micro-Energy Harvesting System Including a PMU and a Solar Cell on the Same Substrate With Cold Startup From 2.38 nW and Input Power Range up to 10 $\mu$W Using Continuous MPPT

A 35-mV supply ring oscillator consisting of stacked body bias inverters for extremely low-voltage LSIs

Low-Voltage Capacitive-Based Step-Up DC-DC Converters for RF Energy Harvesting System: A Review

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