Fully Reversible Conversion between SnO₂ and Sn in SWNTs@SnO₂@PPy Coaxial Nanocable As High Performance Anode Material for Lithium Ion Batteries

Abstract

In this report, we designed a novel SWNTs@SnO2@PPy coaxial nanocable as superior anode material for the first time. The nanosized SnO2 particles (2–3 nm) were uniformly distributed between one dimension SWNTs core and PPy shell, as confirmed by XRD, SEM, and TEM characterizations. As an anode material for lithium ion batteries, this composite delivered a high capacity of 823 mAh g–1 at 150 mA g–1 after 100 cycles. Even at a high rate of 3000 mA g–1, a reversible capacity of 480 mAh g–1 still remained. Furthermore, the SnO2 in this composite exhibited a large capacity of 1486 mAh g–1 as well as good capacity retention of 95% over 100 cycles. This result indicated the completely reversible reaction between Li4.4Sn and SnO2, greatly improving the theoretical capacity of SnO2 from 782 to 1493 mAh g–1.

Controlled SnO2 Crystallinity Effectively Dominating Sodium Storage Performance

“…But these peaks disappear in subsequent cycles, indicating that this irreversible reaction only occurs in the initial cycle. [ 33 ] On the other hand, two anodic peaks are distinguished at ≈0.23 and 1.5 V, which suggests that the phase transition during the alloying and dealloying processes is more distinctly given by Equation ( 2) . [ 23 ] Additionally, all redox peaks remain almost unchanged in the 2nd, 3rd, and 4th cycles, showing good electrochemical reversibility of the SnO 2 /GA anodes.…”

Tin Oxide/Graphene Aerogel Nanocomposites Building Superior Rate Capability for Lithium Ion Batteries

“…1a, the two SnO2/GA composites exhibit similar XRD patterns, where the diffraction peaks are positioned at 26.6°, 33.9°, 51.8°, and 65.9° well assigned to (110), (101), (211), and (301) planes of the rutile-structured of SnO2, respectively [24]. These indexed broad peaks indicated the small sizes of SnO2 particles [25,26].…”

Synthesis and electrochemical performance of cable-like copper vanadates/polypyrrole nanobelts as anode materials for lithium-ion batteries

“…In recent years, conducting polymers have been investigated as additives to improve the electrode performance because the conducting polymer can provide a conducting backbone for the active materials [15][16][17]. In addition, the soft polymer matrix also shows the function of accommodating the internal stress of electrodes that suffer from severe volume change.…”