Fulminant mulch pneumonitis in a previously healthy child

Mâaloul, I.; Ameur, S. Ben; Chabchoub, I.; Kolsi, Rihab Ben Abdallah; Bahloul, Mabrouk; Kamoun, Thouraya; Bouaziz, Matthieu; Hachicha, M.

doi:10.1016/j.arcped.2018.09.003

Cited by 8 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Despite the administration of antifungals, anti-inflammatory steroids, and critical care support (e.g., mechanical ventilation, extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, etc. ), mortality can be high, but not invariably so [ 351 , 352 , 353 , 354 ]. Of note, in some patients, ‘mulch pneumonitis’ was the sentinel presentation of CGD [ 351 ].…”

Section: Aspergillosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Of Mycelium and Men: Inherent Human Susceptibility to Fungal Diseases

Vinh

2023

Pathogens

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In medical mycology, the main context of disease is iatrogenic-based disease. However, historically, and occasionally, even today, fungal diseases affect humans with no obvious risk factors, sometimes in a spectacular fashion. The field of “inborn errors of immunity” (IEI) has deduced at least some of these previously enigmatic cases; accordingly, the discovery of single-gene disorders with penetrant clinical effects and their immunologic dissection have provided a framework with which to understand some of the key pathways mediating human susceptibility to mycoses. By extension, they have also enabled the identification of naturally occurring auto-antibodies to cytokines that phenocopy such susceptibility. This review provides a comprehensive update of IEI and autoantibodies that inherently predispose humans to various fungal diseases.

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Section: Aspergillosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Of Mycelium and Men: Inherent Human Susceptibility to Fungal Diseases

Vinh

2023

Pathogens

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“…A variation on fungal pneumonia is "mulch pneumonitis" described in CGD presenting acutely, with fever and dyspnea, typically within 24 h of exposure and with potentially minimal changes on conventional x-ray. [47][48][49][50][51] The history often includes exposure to decaying matter such as mulching, landscaping, demolition, lawn debris, or animal feed. Patients may present for dyspnea with what is called community acquired pneumonia.…”

Section: Infectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Functional neutrophil disorders: Chronic granulomatous disease and beyond

Zerbe,

Holland

2024

Immunological Reviews

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SummarySince their description by Metchnikoff in 1905, phagocytes have been increasingly recognized to be the entities that traffic to sites of infection and inflammation, engulf and kill infecting organisms, and clear out apoptotic debris all the while making antigens available and accessible to the lymphoid organs for future use. Therefore, phagocytes provide the gateway and the first check in host protection and immune response. Disorders in killing and chemotaxis lead not only to infection susceptibility, but also to autoimmunity. We aim to describe chronic granulomatous disease and the leukocyte adhesion deficiencies as well as myeloperoxidase deficiency and G6PD deficiency as paradigms of critical pathways.

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“…Indeed, IFD affected 25%–50% of such CGD patients, with the overwhelming majority of cases due to Aspergillus fumigatus and, distinctly, A. nidulans 236–239 . The invasive aspergillosis (IA) of CGD primarily affected the lungs in both sub‐acute/acute and chronic manner, as well as fulminantly (in the distinct syndrome of “mulch pneumonitis,” in which the clinical rapidity seems clearly linked to inhalational burden of spores 240–242 ). In contrast to the aspergillosis associated with chemotherapy‐induced neutropenia in hematological malignancy, pulmonary aspergillosis in CGD was typically not angio‐invasive.…”

Section: Aspergillosismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Indeed, IFD affected 25%-50% of such CGD patients, with the overwhelming majority of cases due to Aspergillus fumigatus and, distinctly, A. nidulans. [236][237][238][239] The invasive aspergillosis (IA) of CGD primarily affected the lungs in both sub-acute/acute and chronic manner, as well as fulminantly (in the distinct syndrome of "mulch pneumonitis," in which the clinical rapidity seems clearly linked to inhalational burden of spores [240][241][242] ).…”

Section: A S Perg Illos Ismentioning

confidence: 99%

From Mendel to mycoses: Immuno‐genomic warfare at the human–fungus interface

Vinh

2023

Immunological Reviews

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SummaryFungi are opportunists: They particularly require a defect of immunity to cause severe or disseminated disease. While often secondary to an apparent iatrogenic cause, fungal diseases do occur in the absence of one, albeit infrequently. These rare cases may be due to an underlying genetic immunodeficiency that can present variably in age of onset, severity, or other infections, and in the absence of a family history of disease. They may also be due to anti‐cytokine autoantibodies. This review provides a background on how human genetics or autoantibodies underlie cases of susceptibility to severe or disseminated fungal disease. Subsequently, the lessons learned from these inborn errors of immunity marked by fungal disease (IEI‐FD) provide a framework to begin to mechanistically decipher fungal syndromes, potentially paving the way for precision therapy of the mycoses.

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Fulminant mulch pneumonitis in a previously healthy child

Cited by 8 publications

References 6 publications

Of Mycelium and Men: Inherent Human Susceptibility to Fungal Diseases

Of Mycelium and Men: Inherent Human Susceptibility to Fungal Diseases

Functional neutrophil disorders: Chronic granulomatous disease and beyond

From Mendel to mycoses: Immuno‐genomic warfare at the human–fungus interface

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