Fumigation trial on direct application of liquid carbonyl sulphide to wheat in a 2500t concrete silo

Ren, Yonglin; Mahon, Daphne; Graver, J. van S.; Head, Matthew

doi:10.1016/j.jspr.2007.08.001

Cited by 18 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…This is in agreement with Ren et al 24,25,27 and Ren and Mahon 22 , where fumigation at higher doses of COS, CS 2 and EF had no effect on the germination of wheat and barley.…”

Section: Effect Of Fumigants On Barley Germination Without Gibberellinsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…The National Registration Authority (NRA) does not specify an EF MRL for other stored commodities, as it considers the residues should be identical to those commonly found in untreated food and hence of no toxicological significance 24 . These results are consistent with the residue results on wheat and barley from the laboratory and field trials 21,[24][25][26][27]33 .…”

Section: Fumigant Residues In Barley Malt Wort and Beersupporting

confidence: 89%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Effect of Carbonyl Sulphide (COS), Ethyl Formate (EF) and Carbon Disulphide (CS2) on the Malting Quality of Barley and the Flavour Profile of Beer

Ren

Demarchelier

Healy

2011

Journal of the Institute of Brewing

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New fumigants are needed to control grain insects because methyl bromide is being phased out as an ozone-depleting substance under the Montreal Protocol and because resistance to phosphine is increasing. Alternative fumigants also provide one strategy to manage resistance. To assess the effect of candidate fumigants on barley quality, malting and brewing trials were conducted with malting barley (Schooner), 9.4% moisture content, fumigated with carbonyl sulphide (COS), ethyl formate (EF) and carbon disulphide (CS 2 ) at concentrations of 20, 90 and 36 mg/L respectively for 7 days at 20°C in riveted steel silos containing 33 t of barley. The appropriate industry body, the Malting and Brewing Industry Barley Technical Committee (MBIBTC) set the quality parameters to be evaluated and allocated work to the appropriate quality laboratories. Germination of fumigated barley was not affected by the fumigants. Residues of COS, EF and CS 2 in outloading barley samples were 0.085 ± 0.0052, 0.4 ± 0.1 and 2.22 ± 0.07 mg/kg respectively, which were below the experimental permits of maximum residue levels (MRL). Residues of COS, EF and CS 2 in malt, wort and beer were indistinguishable from those in unfumigated (or non-fumigated) barley. Ethyl formate and CS 2 affected wort in increasing the apparent attenuation limit (AAL) and CS 2 affected barley colour. Sulphur volatiles in the trial beer made from EF and CS 2 (unlike COS) fumigated barley decreased significantly. Beer from COS, EF and CS 2 fumigated barley had a somewhat higher 24-hour chill haze level (0.62-0.84) than beer from the untreated barley (0.53). The total alcohols and isoamyl acetate increased in beer made from EF fumigated barley. Carbonyl sulphide, EF and CS 2 , however, had no effect on beer flavour or quality.

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“…This is in agreement with Ren et al 24,25,27 and Ren and Mahon 22 , where fumigation at higher doses of COS, CS 2 and EF had no effect on the germination of wheat and barley.…”

Section: Effect Of Fumigants On Barley Germination Without Gibberellinsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Fumigant Residues In Barley Malt Wort and Beersupporting

confidence: 89%

Effect of Carbonyl Sulphide (COS), Ethyl Formate (EF) and Carbon Disulphide (CS2) on the Malting Quality of Barley and the Flavour Profile of Beer

Ren

Demarchelier

Healy

2011

Journal of the Institute of Brewing

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“…Control of stored-product insects is primarily depends upon the continuing application of liquid gaseous insecticides (White and Leesch 1995;Ren et al 2008). Although eVective their repeated use for several decades has disrupted biological control system by natural enemies and led to outbreaks of insect pests, widespread development of resistance, undesirable eVects on non-target organisms, environmental and human health concerns (Champ and Dyte 1977).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fumigant and repellent activities of essential oil from Coriandrum sativum (L.) (Apiaceae) against red flour beetle Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae)

et al. 2008

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The biological activity of essential oil extracted from coriander, Coriandrum sativum L. (Apiaceae) against eggs, larvae and adults of Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) was investigated in a series of laboratory experiments. Bioassays conducted in air-tight glass chambers showed vapour toxicity and strong repellency on Wlter paper arena test towards all the stages used. Responses varied signiWcantly (P < 0.001) within insect stages, dosages and exposures. At 12.0 g/ml dosage, mortality of adults reached 95%, but for 12-, 14-and 16-days larvae, mortalities were 65, 74 and 82%, respectively. On the developmental inhibition, individuals fumigated at the larval stage conWrmed that the percentage of larvae reaching to pupal stage and pupae to adult stage, decreased signiWcantly (P < 0.001) with increasing dosage concentration. The oil fumigation yielded 100% mortality for T. castaneum larvae, pupae and adults at 0.08 g/ml dosage. The oil had fumigant activity against eggs and the toxicity progressively increased with increased exposure times and concentrations. One hundred per cent T. castaneum egg mortalities were obtained with oil fumigation at 20 g/ml and 96 h exposure period. C. sativum oil also showed highly repellent activity to the adults of T. castaneum, with overall repellency was 90% and at a dosage of 12 g/ml repellency was 100% in a Wlterpaper arena test.

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“…Control of stored-product insects primarily depends upon the continuing application of liquid-gaseous insecticides (White and Leesch 1995;Ren et al 2008). Although effective their repeated use for several decades has disrupted biological control system by natural enemies and led to outbreaks of insect pests, widespread development of resistance, undesirable effects on nontarget organisms, environmental and human health concerns (Champ and Dyte 1977).…”

Section: Fumigant Toxicitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Fumigant Toxicity of Nutmeg Seed Essential Oil (Myristica fragrans Houtt.) (MF, Myristicaceae) on Cowpea Weevil, Callosobruchus maculatus F. (Coleoptera: Bruchidae)

Alibabaie

Safaralizadeh

2015

New Horizons in Insect Science: Towards Sustainable Pest Management

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Fumigation trial on direct application of liquid carbonyl sulphide to wheat in a 2500t concrete silo

Cited by 18 publications

References 14 publications

Effect of Carbonyl Sulphide (COS), Ethyl Formate (EF) and Carbon Disulphide (CS2) on the Malting Quality of Barley and the Flavour Profile of Beer

Effect of Carbonyl Sulphide (COS), Ethyl Formate (EF) and Carbon Disulphide (CS2) on the Malting Quality of Barley and the Flavour Profile of Beer

Fumigant and repellent activities of essential oil from Coriandrum sativum (L.) (Apiaceae) against red flour beetle Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae)

Fumigant Toxicity of Nutmeg Seed Essential Oil (Myristica fragrans Houtt.) (MF, Myristicaceae) on Cowpea Weevil, Callosobruchus maculatus F. (Coleoptera: Bruchidae)

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