Function of a novel GDSL-type pepper lipase gene, CaGLIP1, in disease susceptibility and abiotic stress tolerance

Abstract

GDSL-type lipase is a hydrolytic enzyme whose amino acid sequence contains a pentapeptide motif (Gly-X-Ser-X-Gly) with active serine (Ser). Pepper GDSL-type lipase (CaGLIP1) gene was isolated and functionally characterized from pepper leaf tissues infected by Xanthomonas campestris pv. vesicatoria (Xcv). The CaGLIP1 protein was located in the vascular tissues of Arabidopsis root. The CaGLIP1 gene was preferentially expressed in pepper leaves during the compatible interaction with Xcv. Treatment with salicylic acid, ethylene and methyl jasmonate induced CaGLIP1 gene expression in pepper leaves. Sodium nitroprusside, methyl viologen, high salt, mannitol-mediated dehydration and wounding also induced early and transient CaGLIP1 expression in pepper leaf tissues. Virus-induced gene silencing of CaGLIP1 in pepper conferred enhanced resistance to Xcv, accompanied by the suppressed expression of basic PR1 (CaBPR1) and defensin (CaDEF1) genes. The CaGLIP1 lipase produced in Escherichia coli hydrolyzed the substrates of short and long chain nitrophenyl esters. The CaGLIP1-overexpressing Arabidopsis exhibited enhanced hydrolytic activity toward short and long chain nitrophenyl ester, as well as enhanced susceptibility to the bacterial pathogen Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato and the biotrophic oomycete Hyaloperonospora parasitica. SA-induced expression of AtPR1 and AtGST1, also was delayed in CaGLIP1-overexpressing plants by SA application. During seed germination and plant growth, the CaGLIP1 transgenic plants showed drought tolerance and differential expression of drought- and abscisic acid (ABA)-inducible genes AtRD29A, AtADH and AtRab18. ABA treatment differentially regulated seed germination and gene expression in wild-type and CaGLIP1 transgenic Arabidopsis. Overexpression of CaGLIP1 also regulated glucose- and oxidative stress signaling. Together, these results indicate that CaGLIP1 modulates disease susceptibility and abiotic stress tolerance.

Tomato GDSL1 Is Required for Cutin Deposition in the Fruit Cuticle

“…In addition, GDSL-lipases are synthesized as preproteins containing signal peptides predicted to facilitate extracellular exportation. This extracellular location was confirmed for most characterized GDSL-lipases in latex (Abdelkafi et al, 2009), in nectar (Kram et al, 2008), in the secretome of plant cells (Oh et al, 2005;Naranjo et al, 2006;Hong et al, 2008;Kusumawati et al, 2008), and in sporollenin, a cutin-like polymer of the pollen coat (Updegraff et al, 2009). However, to date, most of the studies have highlighted the role of GDSL-lipases in the tolerance of plants to biotic and abiotic stress (Oh et al, 2005;Naranjo et al, 2006;Hong et al, 2008).…”

Characterization of OsbZIP23 as a Key Player of the Basic Leucine Zipper Transcription Factor Family for Conferring Abscisic Acid Sensitivity and Salinity and Drought Tolerance in Rice

“…Some of these types of genes have been implicated in stress response or tolerance (Kizis et al, 2001;Song et al, 2005). Many genes for seed storage or lipid transfer proteins were also up-regulated in OsbZIP23-overexpressing plants, and these proteins may help in maintaining cell membrane stability of plants under adverse environments (Brick et al, 1987;Hong et al, 2008). A large number of genes up-regulated in the overexpressors have been annotated with putative functions in photosynthesis and amino acid metabolism.…”

Involvement of the Pepper Antimicrobial Protein CaAMP1 Gene in Broad Spectrum Disease Resistance

“…The generation of stable transgenic mutants in pepper is time consuming and very difficult. The VIGS technique provided a fast and effective means to mimic loss-of-function phenotypes and allowed us to identify the role of defense-related genes in pepper plants Hong et al, 2008). Since the CaAMP1 gene was distinctively induced by Xcv infection and abiotic elicitor treatments that trigger defense signaling, we tested whether the silencing of CaAMP1 alters the resistance of pepper plants to bacterial and fungal pathogen infection.…”

“…The tobacco rattle virus (TRV)-based VIGS has been performed for functional genetics in various solanaceous plant species, such as tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum), tomato (Solanum lycopersicum), pepper (Capsicum annuum), potato (Solanum tuberosum), and petunia (Petunia hybrida; Chung et al, 2004;Robertson, 2004;Senthil-Kumar et al, 2007). More recently, defenserelated genes encoding pepper peroxidase CaPO2 and lipase CaGLIP1 were functionally characterized in pepper plants using VIGS Hong et al, 2008).…”