“…At least six reproducible micturition cycles were recorded and used to quantify multiple parameters. Specifically, intercontractile interval (ICI, time between micturition events), maximal voiding pressure (VP), bladder capacity (BC, defined as the saline infusion rate mu ltiplied by the intercontractile interval), void volume (VV), and non-voiding bladder contraction (NVC, intravesical pressure increases >5 mmHg during the filling phase, without the release of fluid from the urethra) and voiding efficiency (VE, voided volume/bladder capacity × 100) were determined (Vera and Nadelhaft, 2001 ; Füllhase et al, 2013 ; Lai et al, 2016 ; Wu et al, 2016 ). Estrous cycle phase in female mice was not recorded prior to conducting cystometry.…”