Gas sensory heme proteins respond to their environment by binding a specific gas molecule to heme and transmitting this primary binding signal to the protein. How the binding signal is transmitted from the heme to the protein remains to be clarified. Using UV resonance Raman (UVRR) spectroscopy, we investigated this pathway in sperm whale myoglobin as a model gas sensory heme protein. Based on the UVRR data and the effects of deleting one of three important pathways (His-93, 6-propionate, or 7-propionate), we determined the changes in the conformation of globin that occur upon binding of CO, nitric oxide (NO), or O 2 to heme and how they are transmitted from heme to globin. The UVRR results show that heme discriminates different ligands, resulting in different conformations in the globin protein. Specifically, NO induces changes in the spectrum of Trp residues in the A-helix that are significantly different from those induced by O 2 or CO binding. On the other hand, binding of O 2 to heme produces changes in the Tyr residues of the H-helix that are different from those induced by CO or NO binding. Furthermore, we found that cleavage of the FeHis-93 covalent bond eliminates communication to the terminal region of the H-helix and that the 7-propionate hydrogenbonding network is essential for transmitting the CO or NO binding signal to the N and C termini. Finally, the 6-propionate is important only for NO binding. Thus, the hydrogen-bonding network in the protein appears to be critical for intramolecular signal transduction in gas sensory heme proteins.The structural change in heme that occurs upon ligand binding/dissociation is the main process underlying the cooperativity in oxygen binding by Hb (1) and signal transduction by gas sensory heme proteins (2-4). This process is thought to mediate transmission of the heme ligand-binding signal to the hemebinding domain of the protein. Mb is a small heme-containing protein that can reversibly bind diatomic gaseous molecules (O 2 , NO, 2 and CO). Because Mb is well characterized, it is an ideal model for investigating the interactions between heme and protein moiety of gas sensory heme proteins. The deoxy form of Mb (deoxyMb) adopts a five-coordinate high spin structure with the iron atom 0.3 Å out of the heme plane, whereas the heme is planar in the ligated form (5-8). The outof-plane displacement of the iron atom is thought to be responsible for a conformational change between the deoxy and ligated forms of Mb.Our previous ultraviolet resonance Raman (UVRR) experiments, wherein Mb was excited at 244 nm, suggested that slight structural changes in Trp-7 and Tyr-151 occur upon CO binding (9). In addition, time-resolved resonance Raman (RR) measurements of the Fe-His stretching mode with visible laser pulses have demonstrated that, for Mb, the structural change takes place rapidly (time constant of ϳ120 ps) (10). However, the transmission of the heme structural change to globin via His-93 has become a matter of controversy because a fast structural change has also been ...