Functional connectivity and cannabis use in high-risk adolescents

Bryan, Angela D.; Ewing, Sarah W. Feldstein

doi:10.3109/00952990.2013.837914

Cited by 36 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 89 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Studies in those who are at risk have suggested that these altered network connectivity may predate the clinical presentations of SUDs (Houck et al, 2013). For example, Weiland et al (2013) found greater NAc connectivity with paracentral lobule/precuneus and sensorimotor areas in youth with a family history of alcohol use disorders during incentive anticipation, which correlated positively with sensation-seeking.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differential reward network functional connectivity in cannabis dependent and non-dependent users

Filbey

Dunlop

2014

Drug and Alcohol Dependence

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background Emergent studies show that similar to other substances of abuse, cue-reactivity to cannabis is also associated with neural response in the brain’s reward pathway (Filbey et al., 2009). However, the inter-relatedness of brain regions during cue-reactivity in cannabis users remains unknown. Methods In this study, we conducted a series of investigations to determine functional connectivity during cue-reactivity in 71 cannabis users. First, we used psychophysiological interaction (PPI) analysis to examine coherent neural response to cannabis cues. Second, we evaluated whether these patterns of network functional connectivity differentiated dependent and non-dependent users. Finally, as an exploratory analysis, we determined the directionality of these connections via Granger connectivity analyses. Results PPI analyses showed reward network functional connectivity with the nucleus accumbens (NAc) seed region during cue exposure. Between-group contrasts found differential effects of dependence status. Dependent users (N = 31) had greater functional connectivity with amygdala and anterior cingulate gyrus (ACG) seeds while the non-dependent users (N = 24) had greater functional connectivity with the NAc, orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) and hippocampus seeds. Granger analyses showed that hippocampal and ACG activation preceded neural response in reward areas. Conclusions Both PPI and Granger analyses demonstrated strong functional coherence in reward regions during exposure to cannabis cues in current cannabis users. Functional connectivity (but not regional activation) in the reward network differentiated dependent from non-dependent cannabis users. Our findings suggest that repeated cannabis exposure causes observable changes in functional connectivity in the reward network and should be considered in intervention strategies.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differential reward network functional connectivity in cannabis dependent and non-dependent users

Filbey

Dunlop

2014

Drug and Alcohol Dependence

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Additionally, cannabis treatment in animal and human studies altered brain development (especially with use in early childhood) and structure [272,[275][276][277], creating long-lasting functional and structural brain abnormalities [277][278][279]. Early and/or heavy cannabis use is associated with neurochemical abnormalities on magnetic resonance spectroscopy [272], impaired maintenance of neuronal cytoskeleton dynamics [277], decreased white matter development or integrity [272,275,276], increased impulsivity [276], and abnormal activation patterns during cognitive tasks on functional magnetic resonance imaging [272,280]. In patients with multiple sclerosis, use of cannabis is associated with impaired cognition and activation patterns on functional magnetic resonance imaging [281].…”

Section: Safety Issuesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cannabinoids and Epilepsy

et al. 2015

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Cannabis has been used for centuries to treat seizures. Recent anecdotal reports, accumulating animal model data, and mechanistic insights have raised interest in cannabisbased antiepileptic therapies. In this study, we review current understanding of the endocannabinoid system, characterize the pro-and anticonvulsive effects of cannabinoids [e.g., Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol and cannabidiol (CBD)], and highlight scientific evidence from pre-clinical and clinical trials of cannabinoids in epilepsy. These studies suggest that CBD avoids the psychoactive effects of the endocannabinoid system to provide a well-tolerated, promising therapeutic for the treatment of seizures, while whole-plant cannabis can both contribute to and reduce seizures. Finally, we discuss results from a new multicenter, open-label study using CBD in a population with treatment-resistant epilepsy. In all, we seek to evaluate our current understanding of cannabinoids in epilepsy and guide future basic science and clinical studies.

show abstract

“…Increased parietal-cerebellar, right hemispheric, and PFC (Behan et al, 2013; Orr et al, 2013) and decreased frontal-cerebellar interhemispheric and temporal cortex (Houck et al, 2013; Orr et al, 2013) resting state connectivity has been reported in adolescent cannabis users. Studies have also found increased functional connectivity between PFC-occipital (Harding et al, 2012), and parietal-cerebellar (Behan et al, 2013) brain regions in adolescent cannabis users while engaging in cognitive tasks.…”

Section: Impacts Of Regular Cannabis Use On Neurocognition In Teenmentioning

confidence: 99%

Considering Cannabis: The Effects of Regular Cannabis Use on Neurocognition in Adolescents and Young Adults

et al. 2014

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Thirty-six percent of high school seniors have used cannabis in the past year, and an alarming 6.5% smoked cannabis daily, up from 2.4% in 1993 (Johnston et al., 2013). Adolescents and emerging adults are undergoing significant neurodevelopment and animal studies suggest they may be particularly vulnerable to negative drug effects. In this review, we will provide a detailed overview of studies outlining the effects of regular (at least weekly) cannabis use on neurocognition, including studies outlining cognitive, structural and functional findings. We will also explore the public health impact of this research.

show abstract

Functional connectivity and cannabis use in high-risk adolescents

Cited by 36 publications

References 89 publications

Differential reward network functional connectivity in cannabis dependent and non-dependent users

Differential reward network functional connectivity in cannabis dependent and non-dependent users

Cannabinoids and Epilepsy

Considering Cannabis: The Effects of Regular Cannabis Use on Neurocognition in Adolescents and Young Adults

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About