Functional Decomposition of Lidar Sensor Systems for Model Development

Rosenberger, Philipp; Holder, Martin; Zofka, Marc René; Fleck, Tobias; D’hondt, Thomas; Wassermann, Benjamin; Prstek, Juraj

doi:10.1007/978-3-030-14628-3_12

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Each of these effects describes a modelable property of a sensor. An exemplary functional decomposition is presented for radar in [ 20 ], for lidar in [ 21 ], and for camera in [ 22 ]. The first sensor effect receives input information from the virtual vehicle environment (labeled

).…”

Section: Configurable Sensor Model Templatementioning

confidence: 99%

Configurable Sensor Model Architecture for the Development of Automated Driving Systems

Schmidt

Schlager

Muckenhuber

et al. 2021

Sensors

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Sensor models provide the required environmental perception information for the development and testing of automated driving systems in virtual vehicle environments. In this article, a configurable sensor model architecture is introduced. Based on methods of model-based systems engineering (MBSE) and functional decomposition, this approach supports a flexible and continuous way to use sensor models in automotive development. Modeled sensor effects, representing single-sensor properties, are combined to an overall sensor behavior. This improves reusability and enables adaptation to specific requirements of the development. Finally, a first practical application of the configurable sensor model architecture is demonstrated, using two exemplary sensor effects: the geometric field of view (FoV) and the object-dependent FoV.

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).…”

Section: Configurable Sensor Model Templatementioning

confidence: 99%

Configurable Sensor Model Architecture for the Development of Automated Driving Systems

Schmidt

Schlager

Muckenhuber

et al. 2021

Sensors

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show abstract

“…Functional decomposition is used to break down an overall sensor behavior into individually modelable effects and separate model development from parameterization effort [11]. A functional decomposition for perception sensors can be performed as shown by Holder et al on radar [12], by Rosenberger et al on lidar [13] and by Mohr et al on camera [14]. They introduce functional blocks and interfaces to model a sensor type specific signal processing chain.…”

Section: State Of the Artmentioning

confidence: 99%

Towards Serious Perception Sensor Simulation for Safety Validation of Automated Driving - A Collaborative Method to Specify Sensor Models

Linnhoff

Rosenberger

Schmidt

et al. 2021

2021 IEEE International Intelligent Transportation Systems Conference (ITSC)

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Perception sensor modeling is essential for the safety validation of automated driving systems in virtual environments. Nevertheless, the community lacks a methodical approach to derive requirements for such sensor models that enables a serious application for safety validation in the first place. This article provides a method to specify sensor models for the environmental perception of automated driving systems.The key of the approach is a collaborative collection of causeeffect chains as the basis for specification. With this collection at hand, a tabular form is introduced to extract the relevance of the effect chains to be modeled. Combined profound expert assessments in the table enable the test engineer to specify sensor models within a traceable decision-making process.This work received funding from SET Level and VVM of the PEGASUS project family, promoted by the German Federal Ministry for Economic Affairs and Energy based on a decision of the Deutsche Bundestag.

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“…In conclusion, module boundaries may be defined so that a valid evaluation is not possible. For example, the evaluation of a decomposed environmental sensor, as depicted by Rosenberger et al [29], and its intended functionality is almost impossible by raw sensor data. In that case, decomposing the sensor so that raw sensor data is taken as the output would result in a module boundary that does not allow a valid evaluation.…”

Section: Right Tests Are Performed Wronglymentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparing Different Levels of Technical Systems for a Modular Safety Approval—Why the State of the Art Does Not Dispense with System Tests Yet

Klamann

Winner

2021

Energies

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While systems in the automotive industry have become increasingly complex, the related processes require comprehensive testing to be carried out at lower levels of a system. Nevertheless, the final safety validation is still required to be carried out at the system level by automotive standards like ISO 26262. Using its guidelines for the development of automated vehicles and applying them for field operation tests has been proven to be economically unfeasible. The concept of a modular safety approval provides the opportunity to reduce the testing effort after updates and for a broader set of vehicle variants. In this paper, we present insufficiencies that occur on lower levels of hierarchy compared to the system level. Using a completely new approach, we show that errors arise due to faulty decomposition processes wherein, e.g., functions, test scenarios, risks, or requirements of a system are decomposed to the module level. Thus, we identify three main categories of errors: insufficiently functional architectures, performing the wrong tests, and performing the right tests wrongly. We provide more detailed errors and present examples from the research project UNICARagil. Finally, these findings are taken to define rules for the development and testing of modules to dispense with system tests.

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Functional Decomposition of Lidar Sensor Systems for Model Development

Cited by 6 publications

References 7 publications

Configurable Sensor Model Architecture for the Development of Automated Driving Systems

Configurable Sensor Model Architecture for the Development of Automated Driving Systems

Towards Serious Perception Sensor Simulation for Safety Validation of Automated Driving - A Collaborative Method to Specify Sensor Models

Comparing Different Levels of Technical Systems for a Modular Safety Approval—Why the State of the Art Does Not Dispense with System Tests Yet

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