Functional Dyspepsia

Functional dyspepsia

“…4 Either an infection, microbiome alteration or a food allergen, such as wheat, induces increased duodenal permeability and duodenal eosinophilia with or without increased mast cells. This activates a mucosal immune response.…”

“…Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs should be stopped before either investigation or an empiric trial of therapy, usually a proton pump inhibitor for 2-4 weeks, in those who are still symptomatic. 4,6 If gastroscopy is required, biopsies can be obtained from the duodenum as well as stomach to look for coexistent pathology even if the mucosa looks normal.…”

“…1,2 It affects 10% of the population and is more prevalent in women. [3][4][5] Functional dyspepsia refers to troublesome upper gastrointestinal symptoms including inability to finish a meal (early satiety), postprandial fullness, and epigastric pain or burning. 6 Some patients also complain of nausea, heartburn (although this is not the predominant complaint) and even weight loss (few patients with functional dyspepsia are obese).…”

“…3,4 Unless specifically asked about, it may often be missed or misinterpreted as bloating, discomfort or fullness after eating. These are also very common complaints even if meal size is not affected.…”

“…These are also very common complaints even if meal size is not affected. 3,4 Most patients with these symptoms have no serious pathology on routine testing including …”