Functional Homologs of the Arabidopsis RPM1 Disease Resistance Gene in Bean and Pea

Dangl, Jeffery L.; Ritter, Claudia; Gibbon, Marjorie J.; Mur, Luis A. J.; Wood, John R.; Goss, Sue; Mansfıeld, John W.; Taylor, John D.; Vivian, Alan

doi:10.2307/3869508

Cited by 27 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…The region chosen in race 2 contained a gene, avrPpiA2, which confers avirulence toward pea cultivars carrying the R2 resistance gene (Dangl et al, 1992;Gibbon et al, 1997). The race 4B strain lacks aurPpiA and a region of DNA associated with it.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The chromosomal region containing aurPpiA2 shows some similarities to PAIs. For example, the presence of direct repeats and many avirulence genes, including aurPpiA1, have a lower G + C ratio than the surrounding genome (Dangl et a!., 1992;.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…An avirulence gene, aurPpiA1, which matches the resistance gene R2 in pea, was characterized from race 2 strain 203 (Vivian et al, 1989;Dangl et al, 1992) and shown to be located on the chromosome. Races 5 and 7 also carry homologues of aurPpiA which are plasmidborne and confer a similar specificity towards pea cultivars carrying the resistance gene R2 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A dispensable region of the chromosome which is associated with an avirulence gene in Pseudomonas syringae pv. pisi

Arnold

Brown²,

Jackson³

et al. 1999

Microbiology

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Lane, Bristol 8516 IQY, UK Pseudomonas syringae pv. pisi comprises a number of races which fall into two phylogenetically distinct groups (designated I and 11). Races are based on cultivar specificity in the host plant, pea (Pisum sativum), and are specified by the presence of avirulence genes. The avirulence gene avrPpiAl is present on the chromosome of all strains examined in race 2, which belongs to phylogenetic group II. A race 4B strain, from phylogenetic group I , lacks this avirulence gene and a comparative study was made of the chromosome in strains representing these two races. A race 2 cosmid clone (pAV270) carrying avrPpiA1 was used as a basis for collinearity analysis of races 2 and 4B. A region of the chromosome amounting to 8 5 kb and including avrPpiA1 was absent from race 46 compared with race 2. A fragment spanning the junction of the discontinuity in race 4B was isolated, cloned and used to delimit the extent of the additional DNA present in race 2. In both races the borders of the discontinuity contained DNA sequences which showed a high degree of conservation. A 7 bp slightly imperfect direct repeat (CCAGCT/,T) flanked the additional DNA in race 2, with a single copy in race 46. The region flanking the additional DNA was present in all races of P. syringae pv. phi. These results confirm the phylogenetic groupings in P. syringae pv. pisi.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A dispensable region of the chromosome which is associated with an avirulence gene in Pseudomonas syringae pv. pisi

Arnold

Brown²,

Jackson³

et al. 1999

Microbiology

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“…Powdery mildew (E. cichoracearum UCSC1) was cultured and applied to Arabidopsis as described (Vogel and Somerville, 2000). Hyaloperonospora parasitica (Peronospora parasitica) isolates Noco-2 and Emwa1 were maintained on the genetically susceptible Arabidopsis accessions Col-0 and Ler, respectively, as described (Dangl et al, 1992). Xanthomonas campestris pv campestris bacteria were grown as described previously (Lummerzheim et al, 2004).…”

Section: Plant Lines and Growth Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impairment of Cellulose Synthases Required forArabidopsisSecondary Cell Wall Formation Enhances Disease Resistance

et al. 2007

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Cellulose is synthesized by cellulose synthases (CESAs) contained in plasma membrane-localized complexes. In Arabidopsis thaliana, three types of CESA subunits (CESA4/IRREGULAR XYLEM5 [IRX5], CESA7/IRX3, and CESA8/IRX1) are required for secondary cell wall formation. We report that mutations in these proteins conferred enhanced resistance to the soil-borne bacterium Ralstonia solanacearum and the necrotrophic fungus Plectosphaerella cucumerina. By contrast, susceptibility to these pathogens was not altered in cell wall mutants of primary wall CESA subunits (CESA1, CESA3/ISOXABEN RESISTANT1 [IXR1], and CESA6/IXR2) or POWDERY MILDEW-RESISTANT5 (PMR5) and PMR6 genes. Double mutants indicated that irx-mediated resistance was independent of salicylic acid, ethylene, and jasmonate signaling. Comparative transcriptomic analyses identified a set of common irx upregulated genes, including a number of abscisic acid (ABA)-responsive, defenserelated genes encoding antibiotic peptides and enzymes involved in the synthesis and activation of antimicrobial secondary metabolites. These data as well as the increased susceptibility of ABA mutants (abi1-1, abi2-1, and aba1-6) to R. solanacearum support a direct role of ABA in resistance to this pathogen. Our results also indicate that alteration of secondary cell wall integrity by inhibiting cellulose synthesis leads to specific activation of novel defense pathways that contribute to the generation of an antimicrobial-enriched environment hostile to pathogens.

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“…Bacterial Avr proteins are translocated into the host cells through a type III protein secretion system (Galan and Collmer, 1999) which, in the case of Pseudomonas syringae DC3000, is thought to deliver more than 30 effector proteins (Boch et al, 2002;Collmer et al, 2002;Fouts et al, 2002;Guttman et al, 2002;Petnicki-Ocwieja et al, 2002;Zwiesler-Vollick et al, 2002). AvrRPM1 and AvrRpt2 from P. syringae provide examples of such type III effector proteins that are recognized by the products of the RPM1 and RPS2 resistance genes, respectively (Dangl et al, 1992;Innes et al, 1993). This recognition initiates the plant HR response through modification or loss of the host RIN4 protein (Mackey et al, 2002;Mackey et al, 2003;Axtell and Staskawicz, 2003).…”

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confidence: 99%

The Transcriptional Innate Immune Response to flg22. Interplay and Overlap with Avr Gene-Dependent Defense Responses and Bacterial Pathogenesis

et al. 2004

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Animals and plants carry recognition systems to sense bacterial flagellin. Flagellin perception in Arabidopsis involves FLS2, a Leu-rich-repeat receptor kinase. We surveyed the early transcriptional response of Arabidopsis cell cultures and seedlings within 60 min of treatment with flg22, a peptide corresponding to the most conserved domain of flagellin. Using Affymetrix microarrays, approximately 3.0% of 8,200 genes displayed transcript level changes in flg22 elicited suspension cultures and seedlings. FLARE (Flagellin Rapidly Elicited) genes mostly encode signaling components, such as transcription factors, protein kinases/phosphatases, and proteins that regulate protein turnover. Approximately 80% of flg22-induced genes were also upregulated in Arabidopsis seedlings treated with cycloheximide. This suggests that many FLARE genes are negatively regulated by rapidly turned-over repressor proteins. Twenty-one tobacco Avr9/Cf-9 rapidly elicited (ACRE) cDNA full-length sequences were used to search for their Arabidopsis orthologs (AtACRE). We identified either single or multiple putative orthologs for 17 ACRE genes. For 13 of these ACRE genes, at least one Arabidopsis ortholog was induced in flg22-elicited Arabidopsis suspension cells and seedlings. This result revealed a substantial overlap between the Arabidopsis flg22 response and the tobacco Avr9 race-specific defense response. We also compared FLARE gene sets and genes induced in basal or gene-for-gene interactions upon different Pseudomonas syringae treatments, and infer that Pseudomonas syringae pv tomato represses the flagellin-initiated defense response.

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Functional Homologs of the Arabidopsis RPM1 Disease Resistance Gene in Bean and Pea

Cited by 27 publications

References 36 publications

A dispensable region of the chromosome which is associated with an avirulence gene in Pseudomonas syringae pv. pisi

A dispensable region of the chromosome which is associated with an avirulence gene in Pseudomonas syringae pv. pisi

Impairment of Cellulose Synthases Required forArabidopsisSecondary Cell Wall Formation Enhances Disease Resistance

The Transcriptional Innate Immune Response to flg22. Interplay and Overlap with Avr Gene-Dependent Defense Responses and Bacterial Pathogenesis

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