Functional mapping of gravitropism and phototropism for a desert tree, Populus euphratica

Jiang, Peng; Ma, Nan; Sun, Fengshuo; Ye, Meixia; Wu, Rongling

doi:10.52586/5003

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…Compared to GWAS using static traits, the use of dynamic phenotypes can provide deeper biological insights by correlating genotypes with phenotypes. Thus, since this method was introduced, it has been extensively used, for example, to dissect gravitropism and phototropism based on dynamic phenotypes of seedlings [ 19 ], to study leaf allometry between leaf area and leaf mass in the common bean [ 20 ], and to model phenotypic plasticity using growth trajectories of rice [ 21 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Functional Mapping of Genes Modulating Plant Shade Avoidance Using Leaf Traits

Zhang

Cao

Wang

et al. 2023

Plants

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Shade avoidance syndrome (SAS) refers to a set of plant responses that increases light capture in dense stands. This process is crucial for plants in natural and agricultural environments as they compete for resources and avoid suboptimal conditions. Although the molecular, biochemical, and physiological mechanisms underlying the SAS response have been extensively studied, the genetic basis of developmental variation in leaves in regard to leaf area, petiole length, and leaf length (i.e., their allometric relationships) remains unresolved. In this study, with the recombinant inbred line (RIL) population, the developmental traits of leaves of Arabidopsis were investigated under two growth density conditions (high- and low-density plantings). The observed changes were then reconstructed digitally, and their allometric relationships were modelled. Taking the genome-wide association analysis, the SNP genotype and the dynamic phenotype of the leaf from both densities were combined to explore the allometry QTLs. Under different densities, leaf change phenotype was analyzed from two core ecological scenarios: (i) the allometric change of the leaf area with leaf length, and (ii) the change of the leaf length with petiole length. QTLs modulating these two scenarios were characterized as ‘leaf shape QTLs’ and ‘leaf position QTLs’. With functional mapping, results showed a total of 30 and 24 significant SNPs for shapeQTLs and positionQTLs, respectively. By annotation, immune pathway genes, photosensory receptor genes, and phytohormone genes were identified to be involved in the SAS response. Interestingly, genes modulating the immune pathway and salt tolerance, i.e., systemic acquired resistance (SAR) regulatory proteins (MININ-1-related) and salt tolerance homologs (STH), were reported to mediate the SAS response. By dissecting and comparing QTL effects from low- and high-density conditions, our results elucidate the genetic control of leaf formation in the context of the SAS response. The mechanism with leaf development × density interaction can further aid the development of density-tolerant crop varieties for agricultural practices.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Functional Mapping of Genes Modulating Plant Shade Avoidance Using Leaf Traits

Zhang

Cao

Wang

et al. 2023

Plants

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“…The reaction wood formation is suspected to be the cause of this phenomenon. A tree has an innate physiological characteristic to form reaction wood [113] strengthening its structure for long-term survival, responding to genetics [114], environmental [115] and mechanical [116] perturbations, maintaining the vertical alignment [117] of a leaning stem [118] following its gravitropism (geotropism) [119,120] behavior, and driving the primary growth of its stems, branches, or roots toward or away from light (phototropism) [121], water (hydrotropism) [122][123][124][125], heat and temperature changes (thermotropism) [126], and nutrition or toxic chemical substances (chemotropism) [127]. The tree produces reaction wood, in this case, tension wood, because the teak species belongs to Angiospermae, straightening its stem vertically in the opposite direction of gravity.…”

Section: Tree Ring Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Biological Rotation Age of Community Teak (Tectona grandis) Plantation Based on the Volume, Biomass, and Price Growth Curve Determined through the Analysis of Its Tree Ring Digitization

Bahtiar,

Kim,

Iswanto

2023

Forests

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Teak (Tectona grandis) is a deciduous tree producing a popular, expensive, fancy timber with versatile utilization. The teak population and its habitats in the natural forest have been decreasing consistently; thus, the IUCN Red List classifies it as an endangered species. Teak tree logging from its native natural forest is banned, and commercial teak timber can only be harvested from the plantation. People plant teak on their private lands or in the community forest to meet the increasing demand. This study analyzed the annual tree rings of a teak disk taken from the community plantation and aimed to determine its biological rotation age. Tree ring interpretation provides the increment and growth that are mandatory fundamental components of knowledge in sustainable forest management. It may also decipher the tree’s biography, which contains information about past climate and future predictions responding to climate change. All of the disk’s annual tree rings were digitized, transformed, and then curve-fitted using an elliptical polar form of non-linear regression. The best-fitted curve estimation of every annual tree ring was employed to determine their age-related diameter and basal area, and then allometric equations estimated the above-ground biomass and clear-bole volume. The continuous and discrete formula fit the growth curve well, and this study determined that Chapman-Richards is the best fit among others. The growth curve, current annual increment (CAI), and mean annual increment (MAI) were graphed based on the clear-bole volume, above-ground biomass, and log timber price. The CAI and MAI intersections result in 28, 30, and 86 years of optimum harvesting periods when the growth calculation is based on volume, above-ground biomass, and log timber price, respectively. These results identified that the teak plantation is a sustainable and highly valuable asset to inherit with long-term positive benefits. The sociocultural provision of teak plants as an inheritance gift for the next generation has proven to be economically and ecologically beneficial.

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Evaluation of Abnormal Hypocotyl Growth of Mutant Capsicum annuum Plants

et al. 2023

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Horticulture is a dynamically evolving and an ever-changing sector which needs new ideas, plant materials, and cultivating methods to produce more. Involving different mutants in breeding lines may lead to new opportunities to create new cultivating methods. pcx (procumbent plant) and tti (tortuosa internodi) Capsicum annuum mutant plants, which present abnormal stem growth, were investigated in various in vitro experiments. The pcx breeding line presents highly diverse hypocotyl growth even in the early phenophase, such as normally growing plants and the ‘laying’ habit. On the other hand, tti plants only present their elongated slender stem trait in a more mature phase. In our experiment of reorientation, we used one-sided illumination, where each of the phenotypes sensed and reacted to light, and only the pcx plants exhibited a negative gravitropic response. It was also the result that the tti plants sensed gravity, but the weak structure of the hypocotyls made them incapable of following its direction. Since the pcx plants were the only ones with an ‘antigravitropic’ growth, we used them to evaluate the time course they needed to adapt and follow the gravity vector after reorientation. The pcx plants sensing gravity adapted similarly to controls and started bending after 120 min, but those which presented as ‘anti-gravitropic’ did not respond even after 420 min.

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Functional mapping of gravitropism and phototropism for a desert tree, Populus euphratica

Cited by 4 publications

References 52 publications

Functional Mapping of Genes Modulating Plant Shade Avoidance Using Leaf Traits

Functional Mapping of Genes Modulating Plant Shade Avoidance Using Leaf Traits

Biological Rotation Age of Community Teak (Tectona grandis) Plantation Based on the Volume, Biomass, and Price Growth Curve Determined through the Analysis of Its Tree Ring Digitization

Evaluation of Abnormal Hypocotyl Growth of Mutant Capsicum annuum Plants

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