Functional Micro‐/Nanomaterials for Multiplexed Biodetection

Abstract

When analyzing biological phenomena and processes, multiplexed biodetection has many advantages over single-factor biodetection and is highly relevant to both human health issues and advancements in the life sciences. However, many key problems with current multiplexed biodetection strategies remain unresolved. Herein, the main issues are analyzed and summarized: 1) generating sufficient signal to label targets, 2) improving the signal-to-noise ratio to ensure total detection sensitivity, and 3) simplifying the detection process to reduce the time and labor costs of multiple target detection. Then, available solutions made possible by designing and controlling the properties of micro-and nanomaterials are introduced. The aim is to emphasize the role that micro-/nanomaterials can play in the improvement of multiplexed biodetection strategies. Through analyzing existing problems, introducing state-of-the-art developments regarding relevant materials, and discussing future directions of the field, it is hopeful to help promote necessary developments in multiplexed biodetection and associated scientific research.

Designing Next Generation of Persistent Luminescence: Recent Advances in Uniform Persistent Luminescence Nanoparticles

“…developing PLNPs with tunable excitations and emissions enables such PLNPs to be used in applications requiring multiple excitation sources and multiple signal readouts, [16] such as those for high throughput flowcytometry. Moreover, it is also significant to tune the excitations and emissions with deeptissue penetrating ability, thus pushing forward such PLNPs to be functional deeper into animal or even human bodies.…”

“…[ 15 ] In addition to the uniformity of PLNPs, enhancing afterglow luminescence intensity is equally important to improve the imaging quality and detection sensitivity in biomedical applications. Furthermore, developing PLNPs with tunable excitations and emissions enables such PLNPs to be used in applications requiring multiple excitation sources and multiple signal readouts, [ 16 ] such as those for high throughput flowcytometry. Moreover, it is also significant to tune the excitations and emissions with deep‐tissue penetrating ability, thus pushing forward such PLNPs to be functional deeper into animal or even human bodies.…”

Dye-sensitized lanthanide containing nanoparticles for luminescence based applications

“…For Ln-NPs, a simple mixing of the adequate concentrations at the first step of the synthesis allows to obtain a large panel of NPs with spectroscopically unique signatures with applications in barcoding, 43 multiplexing, i.e. multiple analysis with a same sample 44 or multimodal analytical devices. 45 On the other hand, the larger size and composition of NPs compared to Ln complexes can bring significant issues regarding toxicity, 46,47 possible unwanted size dependent pharmacokinetic and bio-distribution properties, 48 or simple stability troubles such as leaching in biological media.…”

DNA Supramolecular Assembly on Micro/Nanointerfaces for Bioanalysis

“…Bioanalysis is the quantitative and qualitative measurement of molecules and biological processes in biological samples. In practical applications, some factors seriously influence the accuracy of bioanalysis systems, especially the complex composition of biological samples and the low content of the substance being analyzed. , Therefore, two major critical issues exist in the research field of bioanalysis, namely, biological separation with high purity and low loss and biological detection with high precision and a low detection limit. To solve these issues, the common underlying technologies often depend on building an applicable interface.…”