Functional–morphological parameters, aqueous flare and cytokines in macular oedema with branch retinal vein occlusion after ranibizumab

Noma, Hidetaka; Mimura, Tatsuya; Yasuda, Kanako; Shimura, Masahiko

doi:10.1136/bjophthalmol-2015-307989

Cited by 18 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 17 publications

(16 reference statements)

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“…Miyake et al [25] showed that both aqueous flare intensity and inflammatory cytokines were higher in eyes with macular edema due to retinal vein occlusion than in controls. In keeping with these findings, other studies have demonstrated significant correlations between a change in flare intensity and improvement of central macular thickness in eyes with retinal vein occlusion [26-28].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 75%

Role of Inflammation in Retinal Microcirculation in Diabetic Eyes: Correlation between Aqueous Flare and Microvascular Findings

et al. 2020

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To investigate the correlation between aqueous flare and macular microvascular status assessed by optic coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) in diabetes mellitus. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 52 diabetic patients with nonproliferative retinopathy, 44 diabetic patients without retinopathy, and 20 nondiabetic agematched controls. Spectral domain OCT, OCTA, and laser flare-cell meter were performed. Results: Compared to eyes without retinopathy, eyes with retinopathy had higher flare intensity (p = 0.024), enlarged capillary nonperfusion area (p < 0.001), and enlarged foveal avascular zone (p < 0.001). There was a significant correlation between flare intensity and capillary nonperfusion areas (p < 0.001, r = 0.511) and superficial capillary density (p = 0.005, r =-0.388) in diabetic eyes with retinopathy. Conclusion: The results demonstrated a positive correlation between aqueous flare levels, an indicator of intraocular inflammation, and microvascular damage demonstrated by OCTA in the early stages of diabetic retinopathy (DR). This finding supports the role of inflammation in the pathogenesis of DR.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 75%

Role of Inflammation in Retinal Microcirculation in Diabetic Eyes: Correlation between Aqueous Flare and Microvascular Findings

et al. 2020

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“…; Noma et al. ). Aqueous flare remained slightly elevated in the postoperative only treatment group at 3 months and it may be important for clinical practice regarding late occurrence of macular oedema.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Preoperative anti‐inflammatory treatment of diabetic patients does not improve recovery from cataract surgery when postoperatively treated with a combination of prednisolone acetate and nepafenac

Danni

Aaronson

Tuuminen

2019

Acta Ophthalmologica

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Purpose: To examine preoperative anti-inflammatory treatment on recovery from cataract surgery in eyes of diabetic patients. Methods: A Prospective randomized clinical trial. One hundred and three eyes of 103 patients with diabetes undergoing routine cataract surgery were randomized (1:1) not to receive any preoperative anti-inflammatory medication or to receive preoperative topical anti-inflammatory medication with a combination of prednisolone acetate (10 mg/ml) and nepafenac (1 mg/ml). All eyes received postoperative anti-inflammatory combination therapy for 3 weeks. Recovery from surgery was recorded by a structured home questionnaire. Clinical outcome parameters were recorded at 28 days and 3 months. Results: Patient age and gender distribution, and all baseline ophthalmic and systemic parameters were comparable between the study groups. After surgery, conjunctival injection lasted 2.4 AE 1.7 days (mean AE SD) and irritation of the eye 3.3 AE 3.9 days in eyes without preoperative treatment, when compared to 1.6 AE 1.6 days (p = 0.067) and 2.4 AE 4.0 days (p = 0.431), respectively, in eyes with preoperative treatment. At 28 days, central subfield macular thickness (CSMT) increased 2.2 AE 20.2 lm in eyes without preoperative treatment, when compared 0.1 AE 25.2 lm (p = 0.670) in eyes with preoperative treatment. At 3 months, the respective CSMT change from baseline was À1.5 AE 26.9 lm and À3.4 AE 26.2 lm (p = 0.762). None of the eyes were reported with pseudophakic cystoid macular oedema (PCME) in either group. Conclusion: Lack of preoperative anti-inflammatory treatment does not impair recovery from surgery or predispose diabetic patients to increased risk of PCME in eyes postoperatively treated with combination therapy of prednisolone acetate and nepafenac.

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“…Thus, aggressive VEGF blockade prevents the progression of RNP and promotes reperfusion by controlling the positive feedback loop [71]. In addition, the aqueous flare value showed a significant decrease at both 1 and 6 months after anti-VEGF therapy [77], suggesting that this therapy inhibited inflammation. Accordingly, anti-VEGF therapy seems to improve retinal hypoxia and inflammation in BRVO patients by inhibiting both VEGF and inflammatory cytokines to suppress leukocyte chemotaxis and adhesion in the retinal vessels.…”

Section: Possible Mechanism Of Macular Edema In Brvomentioning

confidence: 99%

Cytokines and the Pathogenesis of Macular Edema in Branch Retinal Vein Occlusion

Noma

Yasuda

Shimura

2019

Journal of Ophthalmology

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Branch retinal vein occlusion (BRVO) is a very common retinal vascular problem in patients with lifestyle-related diseases, such as hypertension and arteriosclerosis. In patients with BRVO, development of macular edema is the main cause of visual impairment. BRVO is still a controversial condition in many respects. Over the years, various methods such as laser photocoagulation have been tried to treat macular edema associated with BRVO, but the results were not satisfactory. After vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) was found to have an important role in the pathogenesis of macular edema in BRVO patients, treatment of this condition was revolutionized by development of anti-VEGF therapy. Although macular edema improves dramatically following intraocular injection of anti-VEGF agents, repeated recurrence and resistance of edema is a major problem in some BRVO patients. This suggests that factors or cytokines other than VEGF may be associated with inflammation and retinal hypoxia in BRVO and that the pathogenesis of macular edema is complicated. The present review assesses the role of various factors and cytokines in the pathogenesis of macular edema associated with BRVO. We present a mechanism that is not only plausible but should also be useful for developing new therapeutic strategies.

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Functional–morphological parameters, aqueous flare and cytokines in macular oedema with branch retinal vein occlusion after ranibizumab

Abstract: These findings suggest that the aqueous flare is associated with inflammatory factors/cytokines, and that the change of the aqueous flare value may influence the long-term prognosis in patients with BRVO receiving IRI therapy for macular oedema.

Cited by 18 publications

References 17 publications

Role of Inflammation in Retinal Microcirculation in Diabetic Eyes: Correlation between Aqueous Flare and Microvascular Findings

Role of Inflammation in Retinal Microcirculation in Diabetic Eyes: Correlation between Aqueous Flare and Microvascular Findings

Preoperative anti‐inflammatory treatment of diabetic patients does not improve recovery from cataract surgery when postoperatively treated with a combination of prednisolone acetate and nepafenac

Cytokines and the Pathogenesis of Macular Edema in Branch Retinal Vein Occlusion

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