Functional Movement Screening and Injury Rates in High School and Collegiate Runners: A Retrospective Analysis of 3 Prospective Observational Studies

Bring, Benjamin V.; Chan, Miriam; Devine, Robin; Collins, Christy L.; Diehl, Jason J.; Burkam, Benjamin

doi:10.1097/jsm.0000000000000459

Cited by 9 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…This cut-off score was confirmed by studies screening college students [15,16]. Current publications show converse results, in which a cut-off score of ≤ 14 did not predict injury in college students [18][19][20].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 63%

The Functional Movement Screen as an injury prediction tool for German physical education and exercise science students: a prospective cohort-study

Schweda¹,

Leyhr

Krauß³

2021

physioscience

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Background Several studies have evaluated the applicability of the Functional Movement Screen (FMS) as a screening tool for injury prediction. However, only few studies investigate gender differences for FMS as a screening tool for female and male college students. Objective To evaluate gender differences in FMS single items and the overall score. In addition, the applicability of FMS as a diagnostic tool for injury prevention of German exercise students will be investigated. Method N = 99 college students performed an FMS at the beginning of the semester. Injuries were recorded for the entire term. Gender differences of FMS single items were assessed using the Mann-Whitney-U-Test. Differences in injury prediction were calculated using logistic regression. If the model was statistically significant, diagnostic accuracy was calculated using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves and the area under the curve (AUC). The Youden index was used to identify a cut-off score. 2 × 2 contingency tables, sensitivity and specifity, positive/negative predictive values, and likelihood ratios were assessed. Results There were significant gender differences for Deep Squat, Shoulder Mobility, Trunk Stability Push Up, and Active Straight Leg Raise. The logistic regression showed that the composite score was statistically significant in clarifying the model for females (p = 0.005, RN 2 = 0.14), but not for males (p = 0.18, RN 2 = 0.04). The ROC curve indicated acceptable injury prediction in females (AUC: 0.66, p = 0.02) and poor injury prediction in males (AUC: 0.40, p = 0.19). The cut-off score of ≤ 16 for females resulted in a sensitivity of 63 % and specificity of 54 %. No cut-off score was calculated for males. Conclusion Females performed better on flexibility items, while males scored higher on strength exercises. Results of the study indicate low predictive accuracy. Therefore, no solid recommendation can be made for the use of the FMS as an injury screening tool for either female or male German exercise science students.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 63%

The Functional Movement Screen as an injury prediction tool for German physical education and exercise science students: a prospective cohort-study

Schweda¹,

Leyhr

Krauß³

2021

physioscience

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“…Thirty studies, comprising 3404 runners (2267 female, 66.6%), investigated risk factors for RRI [ 4 , 10 , 15 , 16 , 18 – 22 , 24 , 25 , 51 , 53 , 54 , 56 , 57 , 59 – 61 ], exercise related lower leg pain [ 50 ], patellofemoral pain [ 17 , 27 , 29 , 52 ], iliotibial band syndrome [ 26 , 28 , 58 ] and Achilles tendinopathy [ 14 , 23 ]. Study duration ranged from 8 weeks [ 28 ] to 2 years [ 16 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Five study authors provided additional data for inclusion in this review [ 15 , 19 , 25 , 51 , 60 ]. Two studies included some ineligible participants, i.e., below 18 years of age [ 51 ] or non-recreational runners [ 15 ]. Authors of both of those studies provided raw continuous data which have been re-analysed for use in this systematic review [ 15 , 51 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Biomechanical and Musculoskeletal Measurements as Risk Factors for Running-Related Injury in Non-elite Runners: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Prospective Studies

et al. 2022

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Background Running-related injury (RRI) is highly prevalent among recreational runners and is a key barrier to participation. Atypical lower limb alignment and mechanical function have been proposed to play a role in development of lower extremity injury. The purpose of this study was to investigate relationships between incidence of running-related injury (RRI) in non-elite runners with biomechanical and musculoskeletal variables. Methods A systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective studies. Published research indexed in MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, SPORTDiscus, AMED, and The Cochrane library until 13th January 2021, grey literature, and reference lists of included studies were screened to identify prospective studies of non-elite adult runners that measured a relationship between biomechanical or musculoskeletal measures and incidence of RRI. Results Thirty studies (3404 runners), testing over 100 discrete biomechanical and musculoskeletal risk factors for RRI, were included. Nineteen studies were pooled in twenty-five separate meta-analyses. Meta-analysis of four studies detected significantly less knee extension strength among runners who developed a RRI (SMD − 0.19, 95% CI − 0.36 to − 0.02, p = 0.03), though this may not be clinically important. A meta-analysis of two studies detected significantly lower hip adduction velocity among runners who developed a RRI (MD − 12.80, 95% CI − 25.22 to − 0.38, p = 0.04). Remaining meta-analyses found no significant relationship between biomechanical or musculoskeletal variables and RRI. Conclusion This systematic review and meta-analysis found the currently available literature does not generally support biomechanical or musculoskeletal measures as risk factors for RRI in non-elite runners. While meta-analysis findings for knee extension strength and hip adduction velocity as risk factors for RRI were statistically significant, the associated trivial to small effects sizes suggest these findings should be treated with caution. Until further evidence emerges, recommendations for injury prevention in non-elite runners cannot be made based on biomechanical and musculoskeletal measurements alone.

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“…It is important to consider that we did not account for influences that may have caused some individuals to respond to the training program or ratings of self-reported fatigue differently than others (eg, other training, life-related stressors). Further, recent evidence 37 on the use of the FMS composite score (ie, all criterion tests) might not differentiate injured from uninjured runners in a broader population of runners (eg, girls or women, boys or men, high school or collegiate). Thus, the FMS scores might need to be combined with other factors, including training exposure, to better differentiate injured from uninjured runners.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Prolonged Running and Training on Tibial Acceleration and Movement Quality in Novice Runners

Camelio

Gruber

Powell

et al. 2020

Journal of Athletic Training

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Context Changes in lower limb loading and movement quality after prolonged running and training periods might influence injury risks in runners. Objectives To assess (1) the effects of a single prolonged run and a 3-week running training program on peak tibial acceleration (PTA) during running and Functional Movement Screen (FMS) criterion tests, and (2) the relationship between running volume during the 3-week training program and changes in PTA and FMS scores after training. Design Case series. Setting Research laboratory. Patients or Other Participants Ten novice runners (age = 27 ± 7 years) with 15 ± 14 months of running experience, who ran on average 19.6 ± 4.8 km per week at a preferred pace of 7:05 ± 1:30 minutes per km. Main Outcome Measure(s) Participants completed a 30-minute submaximal prolonged treadmill run and 3-week training program with 25% increases in weekly running volume. Peak tibial acceleration and the deep-squat and active straight-leg–raise criterion FMS test scores were assessed before and after the prolonged run at enrollment and after the training program (ie, 3 testing sessions). Results No differences in PTA or FMS scores were observed among the 3 testing times. Although the changes in PTA (r = 0.57) and FMS aggregate score (r = 0.15) were not significantly correlated with training volume, training volume explained 32% of the variance in the PTA change from before to after training. Conclusions Our findings suggest that tibial acceleration and movement quality were not influenced by a single submaximal effort prolonged run or a 3-week training period. However, novice runners who have a greater increase in running volume might be more susceptible to training-related changes in tibial acceleration than those whose running volume is less.

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Functional Movement Screening and Injury Rates in High School and Collegiate Runners: A Retrospective Analysis of 3 Prospective Observational Studies

Abstract: Functional Movement Screening composite score may not be useful for injury prediction in populations of high school and collegiate runners.

Cited by 9 publications

References 13 publications

The Functional Movement Screen as an injury prediction tool for German physical education and exercise science students: a prospective cohort-study

The Functional Movement Screen as an injury prediction tool for German physical education and exercise science students: a prospective cohort-study

Biomechanical and Musculoskeletal Measurements as Risk Factors for Running-Related Injury in Non-elite Runners: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Prospective Studies

Influence of Prolonged Running and Training on Tibial Acceleration and Movement Quality in Novice Runners

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