Functional “permanently whitened” lignin synthesized <i>via</i> solvent-controlled encapsulation

Shikinaka, Kazuhiro; Otsuka, Yuichiro

doi:10.1039/d1gc04810d

Cited by 22 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…Recently, a so-called solvent-controlled encapsulation (SCE) method was reported that can permanently whiten lignin and convert brown lignin into a white powder . In a mixture of water, ethanol, and/or acetone, a nonchromophoric group was introduced into lignin by a condensation reaction between lignin hydroxy groups and an isocyanate.…”

Section: Chemical Modifications For Advanced and Functionalized Wood ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recently, a so-called solvent-controlled encapsulation (SCE) method was reported that can permanently whiten lignin and convert brown lignin into a white powder. 84 In a mixture of water, ethanol, and/or acetone, a nonchromophoric group was introduced into lignin by a condensation reaction between lignin hydroxy groups and an isocyanate. By carefully controlling the polarity (ratio of water to ethanol/acetone) of the solvent, the isocyanate-modified lignin forms spheric nanoparticles in which chromophoric lignin is encapsulated within the particle core, while the nonchromophoric groups introduced by the isocyanate are located on the surface of the particles.…”

Section: Bleachingmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Emerging Engineered Wood for Building Applications

et al. 2022

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The building sector, including building operations and materials, was responsible for the emission of ∼11.9 gigatons of global energy-related CO2 in 2020, accounting for 37% of the total CO2 emissions, the largest share among different sectors. Lowering the carbon footprint of buildings requires the development of carbon-storage materials as well as novel designs that could enable multifunctional components to achieve widespread applications. Wood is one of the most abundant biomaterials on Earth and has been used for construction historically. Recent research breakthroughs on advanced engineered wood products epitomize this material’s tremendous yet largely untapped potential for addressing global sustainability challenges. In this review, we explore recent developments in chemically modified wood that will produce a new generation of engineered wood products for building applications. Traditionally, engineered wood products have primarily had a structural purpose, but this review broadens the classification to encompass more aspects of building performance. We begin by providing multiscale design principles of wood products from a computational point of view, followed by discussion of the chemical modifications and structural engineering methods used to modify wood in terms of its mechanical, thermal, optical, and energy-related performance. Additionally, we explore life cycle assessment and techno-economic analysis tools for guiding future research toward environmentally friendly and economically feasible directions for engineered wood products. Finally, this review highlights the current challenges and perspectives on future directions in this research field. By leveraging these new wood-based technologies and analysis tools for the fabrication of carbon-storage materials, it is possible to design sustainable and carbon-negative buildings, which could have a significant impact on mitigating climate change.

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Section: Chemical Modifications For Advanced and Functionalized Wood ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Bleachingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Emerging Engineered Wood for Building Applications

et al. 2022

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“…The wood modification method can generally be divided into physical and chemical modification . For the former, the micro/microstructures and surface morphology can be tuned after mechanical compression, water wetting, or surface patterning. ,, In contrast to the physical modification, the chemical subtracts components from the wood or introduces additional functional groups into the wood, offering the modified wood more possibilities. − …”

Section: Part 1: Sustainable Buildingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Redesigning Natural Materials for Energy, Water, Environment, and Devices

Liu,

Zhu,

Deng

et al. 2023

ACS Nano

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The United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) acknowledges that global cooperation is paramount to mitigate climate change and further warming. The global community is committed to renewable energy and natural materials to tackle this challenge for all humankind. The widespread use of natural materials is embraced as one such action to reach net-zero carbon emissions. Given the hierarchical framework and earth abundance, cellulose-based materials extend their negative carbon benefits to our daily products and accelerate our pace toward carbon neutrality. Here, we present an overview of recent developments of cellulose-based materials in upsurging applications in radiative cooling, thermal insulation, nanofluidics, and wearable devices. We also highlight various modifications and functionalized processes that transform massive amounts of cellulose into green products. The prosperous development of functionalized cellulose materials aligns with a circular economy. Expedited interdisciplinary fundamental investigations are expected to make fibrillated cellulose penetrate more into carbon downdraw at speed and scale.

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“…For example, the color of lignin whitens by >65% by breaking the aromatic rings via irradiating it in solvents that produce peroxide radicals . Blocking the hydroxyl groups by nonchromogenic groups, such as acetyl or isocyanate, could also bleach lignin . However, both procedures weakened the UV-blocking and radical-scavenging abilities.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Whiten Lignin-Based Sunscreen via Fractionation and Ultrasonic Cavitation

Wu,

Zhou,

Ouyang

et al. 2024

ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng.

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Lignin exhibits good potential in natural sunscreens, but its dark color is still an obstacle. Herein, a strategy combining ultrafiltration and ultrasonic cavitation is developed to whiten enzymatic hydrolysis lignin (EHL). Results show that fractions with the smallest molecular weight possess the lightest color due to the lower bulk density and fewer surface chromophores. The hydrophobic aromatic skeleton and abundant phenol and carboxyl groups endow the fraction with good dispersibility and reactivity. Oil chemical sunscreen actives are effectively emulsified and encapsulated via ultrasonic cavitation. As-prepared capsules have an average diameter of 269 nm and a whiteness index of −15, representing 71% and 63% whiteness improvement compared to EHL and EHL-based capsules. The capsule-based sunscreen approaches white even under a dosage of 10 wt %. The sun protection factor of the sunscreen reaches 96 and maintains good performance at both room and high temperatures.

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Functional “permanently whitened” lignin synthesized via solvent-controlled encapsulation

Abstract: Here, we present a practical method for whitening lignin derivatives, which is solvent-controlled encapsulation (SCE) to rearrange the chromosphere at the solvent/lignin interface.

Cited by 22 publications

References 41 publications

Emerging Engineered Wood for Building Applications

Emerging Engineered Wood for Building Applications

Redesigning Natural Materials for Energy, Water, Environment, and Devices

Whiten Lignin-Based Sunscreen via Fractionation and Ultrasonic Cavitation

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