Functional Redundancy-Induced Stability of Gut Microbiota Subjected to Disturbance

Moya, Andrés; Ferrer, Manuel

doi:10.1016/j.tim.2016.02.002

Cited by 479 publications

(421 citation statements)

References 72 publications

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“…Microbiota strongly influences various physiological processes: endocrine and metabolic pathways, expansion and regulation of the immune system, the brain in its cognitive functions, and genome epigenetic changes. A well-functioning microbiota organ is directly related to microbiota balance [37]; consequently, the structure and metabolic status of gut microbiota are associated with a healthy status. When a gut dysbiotic status occurs, the microbiota organ does not function properly, and appropriate therapies should be readily prescribed to restore eubiosis.…”

Section: Gut Microbiota Compositionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rebuilding the Gut Microbiota Ecosystem

Gagliardi

Totino

Cacciotti

et al. 2018

IJERPH

273

174

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A microbial ecosystem in which bacteria no longer live in a mutualistic association is called dysbiotic. Gut microbiota dysbiosis is a condition related with the pathogenesis of intestinal illnesses (irritable bowel syndrome, celiac disease, and inflammatory bowel disease) and extra-intestinal illnesses (obesity, metabolic disorder, cardiovascular syndrome, allergy, and asthma). Dysbiosis status has been related to various important pathologies, and many therapeutic strategies aimed at restoring the balance of the intestinal ecosystem have been implemented. These strategies include the administration of probiotics, prebiotics, and synbiotics; phage therapy; fecal transplantation; bacterial consortium transplantation; and a still poorly investigated approach based on predatory bacteria. This review discusses the various aspects of these strategies to counteract intestinal dysbiosis.

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Section: Gut Microbiota Compositionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rebuilding the Gut Microbiota Ecosystem

Gagliardi

Totino

Cacciotti

et al. 2018

IJERPH

273

174

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In addition, these technologies are faster and more accurate compared to classical identification methods (cloning and culture) [12]. However, this approach has some limitations regarding information about the microbiome function, mainly because several species of bacteria have not been characterized yet and secondly due to a great variability found among individuals, it is expected that the microbiota function present high redundancy, in which different species may occupy the same niche in the gut [13].…”

Section: Bacterial Identification By 16s Rrna Gene Sequencingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…From the compositional perspective, microbiota becomes more and more complex with time, along with periods of ecological stability and fluctuation due to new environmental expositions, until it reaches a dynamic equilibrium in adulthood [13].…”

Section: Microbiome Composition In Human Ontogenymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A higher Firmicutes to Bacteroidetes ratio has been mostly associated with metabolism function and body weight gain, although further investigation is required to shed light on the species-associated role in healthy individuals cohort across different geographical location to understand their influence in leanness/obesity [24]. In general, the gut microbiome in adulthood remains relatively stable through adulthood, except following perturbations such as pathogen infections, antibiotic drugs or drastic dietary shifts [13]. However, as we age, the gut microbiome is enriched in more traits associated with inflammation and metabolic dysfunction.…”

Section: Adulthoodmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Metagenomic Approaches for Investigating the Role of the Microbiome in Gut Health and Inflammatory Diseases

Carvalho¹,

Carmo²,

Heloisa³

et al. 2018

Metagenomics for Gut Microbes

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The human gut microbiota makes fundamental contributions to host metabolism and immune system. Therefore, perturbations in its composition, a process known as dysbiosis, have an important role in the development of several chronicle diseases, mainly intestinal inflammatory disorders. Culture-independent molecular methods are allowing scientific community to uncover substantive findings, thus giving a more detailed description of the human intestinal microbiota. This chapter presents a review on current metagenomic approaches, based on next-generation sequencing technologies, for investigating bacterial taxonomic classification and predictive function associated with the human gut in health and disease. In this context, we describe recent studies that have been trying to elucidate important alterations in microbiome composition across individuals according to delivery mode, aging, diet and medication that might be linked to susceptibility to immune-mediated diseases. A description of the main bacterial taxa and genes acting in dysbiosis during inflammation, focusing on chronic inflammatory bowel diseases and colorectal cancer, is also explored in this chapter.

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“…Research has revealed that the human microbiome is intimately linked to our physiology through the metabolism of bile acids (4), choline (5), and key metabolites such as short-chain fatty acids (6,7), which are also involved in immune system maturation (8,9). The human microbiota is plausibly related to diseases such as type 2 diabetes (10), cardiovascular disease (11), irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) (12), and Crohn's disease (13) and some afflictions like obesity (14,15) and malnutrition (16), as well as many other diseases (17). Current studies have revealed that gut microbes also influence brain function and behavior and are related to neurological disorders like Alzheimer's disease through the gut-brain axis (18,19).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Health and disease imprinted in the time variability of the human microbiome

Martí¹,

Martínez²,

Pena³

et al. 2015

Preprint

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The animal microbiota (including the human microbiota) plays an important role in keeping the physiological status of the host healthy. Research seeks greater insight into whether changes in the composition and function of the microbiota are associated with disease. We analyzed published 16S rRNA and shotgun metagenomic sequencing (SMS) data pertaining to the gut microbiotas of 99 subjects monitored over time. Temporal fluctuations in the microbial composition revealed significant differences due to factors such as dietary changes, antibiotic intake, age, and disease. This article shows that a fluctuation scaling law can describe the temporal changes in the gut microbiota. This law estimates the temporal variability of the microbial population and quantitatively characterizes the path toward disease via a noise-induced phase transition. Estimation of the systemic parameters may be of clinical utility in follow-up studies and have more general applications in fields where it is important to know whether a given community is stable or not. IMPORTANCEThe human microbiota correlates closely with the health status of its host. This article analyzes the microbial composition of several subjects under different conditions over time spans that ranged from days to months. Using the Langevin equation as the basis of our mathematical framework to evaluate microbial temporal stability, we proved that stable microbiotas can be distinguished from unstable microbiotas. This initial step will help us to determine how temporal microbiota stability is related to a subject's health status and to develop a more comprehensive framework that will provide greater insight into this complex system.

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Functional Redundancy-Induced Stability of Gut Microbiota Subjected to Disturbance

Cited by 479 publications

References 72 publications

Rebuilding the Gut Microbiota Ecosystem

Rebuilding the Gut Microbiota Ecosystem

Metagenomic Approaches for Investigating the Role of the Microbiome in Gut Health and Inflammatory Diseases

Health and disease imprinted in the time variability of the human microbiome

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