Functionalized Carbon Black Nanospheres Hybrid with MoS₂ Nanoclusters for the Effective Electrocatalytic Reduction of Chloramphenicol

Abstract

Synthesis of nanomaterials using cheap and highly efficient material is an important aspect of nanotechnology. In this present work, we have used the carbon black (CB) as a highly conductive and inexpensive carbonaceous material for the fabrication of the electrochemical sensor. However, the poor dispersion in water obstructs the usage of CB in electrochemical sensor and biosensor applications. Hence, the CB was functionalized by simple reflux method and the functionalized CB (f‐CB) nanospheres hybrids with hydrothermally synthesized MoS2 nanoclusters by simple ultrasonication process. In addition, the various suitable spectrometric techniques used to probe the surface morphology and chemical modification of the prepared materials. The prepared MoS2 and f‐CB nanohybrids (f‐CB/MoS2) applied for the electrocatalytic reduction of toxic chloramphenicol (CAP). Fascinatingly, the f‐CB/MoS2 modified electrode showed a competitive electrocatalytic performance comparing with other modified electrodes. At the optimized condition, the sensor exhibited the LOD about 0.002 μM, wider linear range 0.015 to 1370 μM with the sensitivity of 3400 μA μM−1 cm−2 for the determination of CAP. Moreover, the practical viability of the sensor was exploited in milk powder and honey samples.

A review on nanomaterial-based electrodes for the electrochemical detection of chloramphenicol and furazolidone antibiotics

“…Further, a carbon black powder was used for the fabrication of a sensor with molybdenum disulde (f-CB/MoS 2 /SPE). 101 The fabricated electrode demonstrates a low detection limit with a pre-eminent sensitivity and a wide linear concentration range from 0.015 to 1370 mM for the detection of CP in honey and milk powder samples using the DPV transduction method. In…”

An Ultrasensitive Non-Enzymatic Sensor for Quantitation of Anti-Cancer Substance Chicoric Acid Based on Bimetallic Nanoalloy with Polyetherimide-Capped Reduced Graphene Oxide

“…The introduction of bimetallic nanomaterials followed by PEI-RGO caused an elevated current response compared with Au-PEI-RGO-modified GCE (yellow), which can be ascribed to the synergistic effects between Au and Pt. To further discriminate the obtained materials, the active surface area was evaluated according to the Randles-Sevcik Equation [44]:…”

Honey Evaluation Using Electronic Tongues: An Overview

“…From a qualitative (i.e., classification/discrimination) point of view, the majority of the literature works addressed the possibility of classifying honey samples according to the botanical or geographical origins as well as to identify honey adulterations or the adulteration level [81,91,[103][104][105][106][107][108][109][110][111][112][113]. A substantial number of works reported the satisfactory quantitative performance of voltammetric E-tongues used to predict chemical and biochemical honey composition as well as the levels of adulterants and/or contaminants [91,104,106,[113][114][115][116][117][118][119][120][121][122][123][124][125]. As can be easily inferred from Table 3 (commercial devices) and Tables 4 and 5 (self-assembled lab-made conventional or multi-sensors devices), the use of voltammetric E-tongues for honey analysis is a more recent practice (from 2011) compared to the potentiometric approaches (from 2008) being largely used together with different multivariate statistical techniques (e.g., multiple linear regression models (MLRM), PLS, ANN, among others) as successful quantitative analytical tools.…”

“…Only one work reported the use of a commercial conventional three-component device [114]. In contrast all the other studies, reported, as previously stated, the development and/or use of lab-made devices comprising a single WE [81,[105][106][107][108][109][110][111][115][116][117][118][119][120][121][122][123][124][125] or more WEs [91,103,104,112,113], some of them modified incorporated porous films or nanoparticles [99][100][101]115,[117][118][119][120][121][122][123][124][125]. Within these applications, different voltammetric techniques have been applied namely cyclic voltammetry (CV, the most common), square-wave voltammetry (SWV) and square-wave cathodic stripping voltammetry (SWCSV), differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) and multifrequency large amplitude pulse voltammetry (MLAPV) as well as linear sweep voltammetry (LSV).…”

“…In some cases, prior to the potentiometric analysis the E-tongue sensors may need to be conditioned and calibrated using, in general, an aqueous acid solution [94]. Regarding the voltammetric devices, the honey analysis requires its previous dissolution using an electrolyte solution (e.g., KCl or phosphate buffer saline solution, PBS) [120,124] or in some specific cases, extraction/centrifugation steps [119]. As pointed out by several researchers, both methodologies would require some special washing procedures, between the measurements or after a set of assays, in order to remove all sample leftovers from the sensors surface membranes, ensuring stable and repeatable signal profiles [103,113], although the voltammetric devices may also require the electrodes surfaces to be polished.…”