Functionalized Polythiophene Copolymers for Electronic Biomedical Devices

Nagane, Samadhan S.; Sitarik, Peter; Wu, Yuhang; Baugh, Quintin; Chhatre, Shrirang; Lee, Jung-Hyun; Martin, David C.

doi:10.1557/adv.2020.3

Cited by 12 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Besides PEDOT, several other CPs, such as PPy, poly(aniline) (PANi), poly(thiophene) (PT), and some of their derivatives (Juarez-Hernandez et al, 2016 ; Kojabad et al, 2019 ; Nagane et al, 2020 ) are also alternative candidates. PPy has outstanding water solubility (Kojabad et al, 2019 ), 40–200 S/cm conductivity (Guimard et al, 2007 ), low Yong's moduli of 0.35 psi for thin films (15–35 μm thick) (Diaz and Hall, 1983 ), and 430–800 MPa for nanocomposites (Sevil and Zuhal, 2010 ).…”

Section: Electrode Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nanostructured PANi can be synthesized by chemical oxidative or electrochemical polymerization in an aqueous solution that contains a variety of surfactants to precisely tailor the structure of the film at small length scales for increased effective surface area (Yang et al, 2005;Juarez-Hernandez et al, 2016). Functionalized PT copolymer, with precisely tunable electrical, optical, mechanical, and adhesive properties, is also applicable for neural recording electrodes (Nagane et al, 2020). For PT, the maximum conductivity is 10-100 S/cm, and Young's modulus of thin films is ∼3 GPa (Wang and Feng, 2002).…”

Section: Conducting Polymer (Cp)mentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Review: Electrode and Packaging Materials for Neurophysiology Recording Implants

Yang

Gong

2021

Front. Bioeng. Biotechnol.

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To date, a wide variety of neural tissue implants have been developed for neurophysiology recording from living tissues. An ideal neural implant should minimize the damage to the tissue and perform reliably and accurately for long periods of time. Therefore, the materials utilized to fabricate the neural recording implants become a critical factor. The materials of these devices could be classified into two broad categories: electrode materials as well as packaging and substrate materials. In this review, inorganic (metals and semiconductors), organic (conducting polymers), and carbon-based (graphene and carbon nanostructures) electrode materials are reviewed individually in terms of various neural recording devices that are reported in recent years. Properties of these materials, including electrical properties, mechanical properties, stability, biodegradability/bioresorbability, biocompatibility, and optical properties, and their critical importance to neural recording quality and device capabilities, are discussed. For the packaging and substrate materials, different material properties are desired for the chronic implantation of devices in the complex environment of the body, such as biocompatibility and moisture and gas hermeticity. This review summarizes common solid and soft packaging materials used in a variety of neural interface electrode designs, as well as their packaging performances. Besides, several biopolymers typically applied over the electrode package to reinforce the mechanical rigidity of devices during insertion, or to reduce the immune response and inflammation at the device-tissue interfaces are highlighted. Finally, a benchmark analysis of the discussed materials and an outlook of the future research trends are concluded.

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Section: Electrode Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Conducting Polymer (Cp)mentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review: Electrode and Packaging Materials for Neurophysiology Recording Implants

Yang

Gong

2021

Front. Bioeng. Biotechnol.

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“…Sonication for 15 minutes and vortexing for 30 seconds prior to deposition yielded a homogeneous solution. Potentiostatic deposition at 1.1 V vs. the silver pseudoreference electrode for an injected charge density of 0.755 C/cm 2 yielded consistent PEDOT films estimated at 1 μm of thickness [23,24] . Impedance measurements were done with the four standard solutions with no dilution.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Salt Solution Concentration Effects on the Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy of Poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT)

Sitarik

Martin

2022

ChemElectroChem

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Poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) has become a widely used modifier for biomedical electrodes because of its ability to significantly decrease the impedance at low frequencies (below 1 kHz). However, in past studies the role of the solution concentration (ionic conductivity) on the electrochemical impedance behavior has not been well established. Here we describe the electrochemical impedance spectroscopy of the conjugated polymer (PEDOT) using standard screen‐printed electrodes and various standard salt (NaCl) solutions with known conductivities from 1.0E‐2 S/cm to 3.1E‐6 S/cm. Changing the conductivity of the salt solution used for impedance measurements had a dramatic influence on the experimentally obtained spectra. An equivalent circuit consisting of a constant phase element in series with a parallel resistor and second constant phase element was used to match and describe these systems. Our results make it possible to better elucidate the influence of electrode, solution, and polymer coating on the resulting impedance response.

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“…Figure 2a shows a PEDOT:PSS conductive polymer film. The polythiophene (PT) copolymer has a maximum electrical conductivity of 10-100 S•cm −1 and a low Young's modulus of 3 GPa [37], and the conductive polymer has an adjustable mechanical and electrical performance, which can adapt well to the biological environment and record neuron electrical signals for a long time [38]. with STEC [36]; (b) GF-Pt microelectrode [66]; and (c) nerve probes based on graphene, ZnO nanowires and conductive polymers [63].…”

Section: Flexible Materials For Neural Microelectrodes 21 Electrode M...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Research Progress on the Flexibility of an Implantable Neural Microelectrode

et al. 2022

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Neural microelectrode is the important bridge of information exchange between the human body and machines. By recording and transmitting nerve signals with electrodes, people can control the external machines. At the same time, using electrodes to electrically stimulate nerve tissue, people with long-term brain diseases will be safely and reliably treated. Young’s modulus of the traditional rigid electrode probe is not matched well with that of biological tissue, and tissue immune rejection is easy to generate, resulting in the electrode not being able to achieve long-term safety and reliable working. In recent years, the choice of flexible materials and design of electrode structures can achieve modulus matching between electrode and biological tissue, and tissue damage is decreased. This review discusses nerve microelectrodes based on flexible electrode materials and substrate materials. Simultaneously, different structural designs of neural microelectrodes are reviewed. However, flexible electrode probes are difficult to implant into the brain. Only with the aid of certain auxiliary devices, can the implant be safe and reliable. The implantation method of the nerve microelectrode is also reviewed.

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Functionalized Polythiophene Copolymers for Electronic Biomedical Devices

Cited by 12 publications

References 19 publications

A Review: Electrode and Packaging Materials for Neurophysiology Recording Implants

A Review: Electrode and Packaging Materials for Neurophysiology Recording Implants

Salt Solution Concentration Effects on the Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy of Poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT)

Research Progress on the Flexibility of an Implantable Neural Microelectrode

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