Functioning of the flue gas treatment system in Polish municipal waste incineration plants

Abstract

<jats:p>All municipal waste incineration plants operating in Poland are discussed and their flue gas treatment systems are described in detail in the article. A comparison of performance indicators, i.e. the amount of raw materials consumed particularly in flue gas treatment systems, is presented. The article also summarizes the results of emission measurements for eight incineration plants in the years 2016–2019. </jats:p>

Selected Thermal Waste Treatment Plants In Europe, Case Study

“…Between 1876 and 1908, more than 210 waste incineration plants were built and put into operation in Europe, in England, Denmark, Belgium, Sweden, Switzerland and Germany, while more than 180 plants were put into operation in the USA [3]. In the middle of the 20th century, in addition to waste reduction, attention also began to be paid to the cleanliness of flue gases and reaction products, which had been increasing in number during energy production in the past.…”

“…The development of waste incineration plants involved the graded supply of air to the boiler and divided it into primary and secondary air, which translated into the efficiency of the incineration process and subsequent flue gas cleaning. The greatest changes in the technology of the process itself occurred at the beginning of the 21st century, when boilers with moving grates began to be used more and more frequently, allowing waste of different calorific values to be incinerated, thanks to the reciprocating motion of the moving grate [3]. The first modern and environmentally effective municipal waste incineration plant in Poland was built in Warsaw in the 1990s, which was commissioned at the beginning of 2000, despite many social protests and administrative decisions.…”

“…The designers intended the facility to be used for waste separation with secondary recovery and thermal processing and composting. In addition, it was also assumed that the slag and ash produced during the incineration process would be turned into granulate [3]. The next incineration plants to appear in Poland were financially supported by the Infrastructure and Environment Operational Programme.…”