Functions of 1,25-dihydroxy vitamin D3, vitamin D3 receptor and interleukin-22 involved in pathogenesis of gout arthritis through altering metabolic pattern and inflammatory responses

Chen, Yuqi; Ma, Huiya; Du, Yongkun; Dong, Jianjian; Jin, Cao; Tan, Lei; Wei, Rong

doi:10.7717/peerj.12585

Cited by 3 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…CYP27B1 enzyme is present in all endocrine cells, such as pancreatic islets and parathyroid, thyroid, testes, ovary, and placental cells [ 44 ], in which calcitriol is synthesized intracellularly; it also modulates hormone release and metabolic functions [ 45 ]. In addition, vitamin D adequacy enhances DNA repair, suppresses malignant cell development [ 46 , 47 , 48 ], and improves the prognosis of malignancies.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Proper vitamin D intake is inversely associated with lung cancer incidence [ 49 ]. Sufficient circulatory D and 25(OH)D concentrations (i.e., above 50 ng/mL) [ 9 ] lead to better physiological responses, such as defense against microbes [ 50 ], the prevention of autoimmune diseases such as multiple sclerosis and inflammatory bowel disease [ 51 , 52 ], and the synthesis and secretion of hormones [ 45 ], controlling the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAS) and the FGF23/klotho system [ 11 , 53 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Physiological Basis for Using Vitamin D to Improve Health

Wimalawansa

2023

Biomedicines

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Vitamin D is essential for life—its sufficiency improves metabolism, hormonal release, immune functions, and maintaining health. Vitamin D deficiency increases the vulnerability and severity of type 2 diabetes, metabolic syndrome, cancer, obesity, and infections. The active enzyme that generates vitamin D [calcitriol: 1,25(OH)2D], CYP27B1 (1a-hydoxylase), and its receptors (VDRs) are distributed ubiquitously in cells. Once calcitriol binds with VDRs, the complexes are translocated to the nucleus and interact with responsive elements, up- or down-regulating the expression of over 1200 genes and modulating metabolic and physiological functions. Administration of vitamin D3 or correct metabolites at proper doses and frequency for longer periods would achieve the intended benefits. While various tissues have different thresholds for 25(OH)D concentrations, levels above 50 ng/mL are necessary to mitigate conditions such as infections/sepsis, cancer, and reduce premature deaths. Cholecalciferol (D3) (not its metabolites) should be used to correct vitamin D deficiency and raise serum 25(OH)D to the target concentration. In contrast, calcifediol [25(OH)D] raises serum 25(OH)D concentrations rapidly and is the agent of choice in emergencies such as infections, for those who are in ICUs, and for insufficient hepatic 25-hydroxylase (CYP2R1) activity. In contrast, calcitriol is necessary to maintain serum-ionized calcium concentration in persons with advanced renal failure and hypoparathyroidism. Calcitriol is, however, ineffective in most other conditions, including infections, and as vitamin D replacement therapy. Considering the high costs and higher incidence of adverse effects due to narrow therapeutic margins (ED50), 1α-vitamin D analogs, such as 1α-(OH)D and 1,25(OH)2D, should not be used for other conditions. Calcifediol analogs cost 20 times more than D3—thus, they are not indicated as a routine vitamin D supplement for hypovitaminosis D, osteoporosis, or renal failure. Healthcare workers should resist accepting inappropriate promotions, such as calcifediol for chronic renal failure and calcitriol for osteoporosis or infections—there is no physiological rationale for doing so. Maintaining the population’s vitamin D sufficiency (above 40 ng/mL) with vitamin D3 supplements and/or daily sun exposure is the most cost-effective way to reduce chronic diseases and sepsis, overcome viral epidemics and pandemics, and reduce healthcare costs. Furthermore, vitamin D sufficiency improves overall health (hence reducing absenteeism), reduces the severity of chronic diseases such as metabolic and cardiovascular diseases and cancer, decreases all-cause mortality, and minimizes infection-related complications such as sepsis and COVID-19-related hospitalizations and deaths. Properly using vitamin D is the most cost-effective way to reduce chronic illnesses and healthcare costs: thus, it should be a part of routine clinical care.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physiological Basis for Using Vitamin D to Improve Health

Wimalawansa

2023

Biomedicines

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“…In the remaining 103 studies, 71 studies were removed for reasons including not providing full text, insufficient data, and failure to meet our criteria. Ultimately, we included 33 studies [ 28 , 33 , 34 , 35 , 36 , 37 , 44 , 45 , 46 , 47 , 48 , 51 , 52 , 53 , 54 , 55 , 56 , 57 , 58 , 59 , 60 , 61 , 62 , 63 , 64 , 65 , 66 , 67 , 68 , 69 , 70 , 71 , 72 ] and 3422 participants (2149 gout patients and 1273 healthy controls). The flow diagram for the assessment of studies identified in the systematic review is shown in Figure 1 .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“… Forest plot for different metabolites between gout and health. Data from references [ 7 , 28 , 33 , 34 , 35 , 36 , 37 , 44 , 45 , 46 , 47 , 48 , 51 , 52 , 53 , 54 , 55 , 56 , 58 , 59 , 60 , 61 , 62 , 63 , 64 , 65 , 66 , 67 , 68 , 69 , 70 , 71 , 72 ]. …”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of Metabolites in Gout: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Han

Tong

et al. 2023

Nutrients

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(1) Background: Many studies have attempted to explore potential biomarkers for the early detection of gout, but consistent and high levels of evidence are lacking. In this study, metabolomics was used to summarize the changes of metabolites in the literature and explore the potential value of metabolites in predicting the occurrence and development of gout. (2) Methods: We searched the databases including the EMBASE, the Cochrane Library, PubMed, Web of Science, VIP Date, Wanfang Data, and CNKI, and the screening was fulfilled on 30 July 2022. The records were screened according to the inclusion criteria and the risk of bias was assessed. Qualitative analysis was performed for all metabolites, and meta-analysis was performed for metabolite concentrations using random effects to calculate the Std mean difference and 95% confidence interval. (3) Results: A total of 2738 records were identified, 33 studies with 3422 participants were included, and 701 metabolites were identified. The qualitative analysis results showed that compared with the healthy control group, the concentration of 56 metabolites increased, and 22 metabolites decreased. The results of the meta-analysis indicated that 17 metabolites were statistically significant. (4) Conclusions: Metabolites are associated with gout. Some specific metabolites such as uric acid, hypoxanthine, xanthine, KYNA, guanosine, adenosine, creatinine, LB4, and DL-2-Aminoadipic acid have been highlighted in the development of gout.

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“…12,13 Additionally, similar to T helper 17 cells, ILC3s produce a variety of distinct cytokines, including interleukin (IL)-17 and IL-22, that are associated with HUA severity and development. 14,15 Nonetheless, the association between HUA and ILC3s remains unclear.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Type 3 innate lymphoid cells as an indicator of renal dysfunction and serum uric acid in hyperuricemia

Chen¹,

Liu²,

Wang³

et al. 2022

Adv Clin Exp Med

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Background. Type 3 innate lymphoid cells (ILC3s) are a newly identified group of innate immune cells that participate in the progression of several metabolic diseases by secreting interleukin (IL)-17 and IL-22. These cytokines are associated with hyperuricemia (HUA) severity and development; however, the relationship between ILC3s and HUA remains unclear.Objectives. To determine the characteristics of circulating ILC3s in patients with HUA.Materials and methods. Type 3 innate lymphoid cells and their subsets were detected using flow cytometry in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of 80 HUA patients and 30 healthy controls (HC). Plasma levels of IL-17A and IL-22 were measured with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Clinical data of enrolled subjects were collected from electronic medical records. Results.In patients with HUA, the frequency of circulating ILC3s was elevated and positively correlated with levels of serum uric acid and serum creatinine (Scr). Although there was no significant difference in the plasma concentration of IL-17A between the patients with HUA and healthy controls, positive correlations between plasma IL-17A and the concentration of serum uric acid and frequency of circulating ILC3s were observed in the patients with HUA. Conclusions.In patients with HUA, positive correlations were detected between circulating ILC3 levels, plasma IL-17A and serum uric acid. Therefore, ILC3s and IL-17A may be useful indicators of disease severity, and are potential new therapeutic targets in HUA.

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Functions of 1,25-dihydroxy vitamin D3, vitamin D3 receptor and interleukin-22 involved in pathogenesis of gout arthritis through altering metabolic pattern and inflammatory responses

Cited by 3 publications

References 36 publications

Physiological Basis for Using Vitamin D to Improve Health

Physiological Basis for Using Vitamin D to Improve Health

Analysis of Metabolites in Gout: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Type 3 innate lymphoid cells as an indicator of renal dysfunction and serum uric acid in hyperuricemia

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