Fundamentals and scopes of doped carbon nanotubes towards energy and biosensing applications

Abstract

Since their first allusion, carbon nanotubes have attracted significant research interest, especially with respect to composite manufacturing as a filler material for enhancing their mechanical and electrical properties. Several methods have been developed for modifying the electrical properties of carbon nanotubes such as CNTs wall's carbon atoms substitution with other appropriate atoms including engineering of their outer surfaces by covalent and noncovalent molecules, such as CNTs channel filling and nano-chemical reactions therein. CNTs with tailored electrical conduction open large perspectives for their applicabilities in advanced technologies. Taking into consideration the innovative advantages of pure and hybrid CNTs, in this article we have comprehensively reviewed the latest state-of-art research developments in the direction of different synthesis strategies, structure-property relationships, and advanced applications towards energy storage, supercapacitors, electrodes, catalytic supports, as well as biosensing.

Nano silver imprinted graphene oxide as catalyst in reduction of 4‐nitrophenol

“…ln k = ln A −Ea/RT, (2) where k, A, and R are the rate constant, Arrhenius factor, and gas constant, respectively. T is the temperature in Kelvin.…”

“…Therefore, metal nanoparticles are fabricated with various supporting materials such as polymeric materials, silica, CaCO 3, carbon nanotubes, and graphene oxide (GO). [2,3] Although, 4-nitrophenol (4-NP) is widely used in many pharmaceutical industries for formation of pesticides, fungicides, and insecticides, [4] but it is a toxic water pollutant present in waste water that discharges from industry and agriculture. 4-NP is highly soluble and more stable in water, [5] and it may cause problems in both plant and aquatic organisms.…”

CH3NH3PbX3 (X = I, Br) encapsulated in silicon carbide/carbon nanotube as advanced diodes

“…All these results suggest the encapsulation plays a key role in determining the stability. Many experiments of carbon nanotubes have been done 36–38 , which make the encapulation of nanotubes possible. Inspired by the above studies, we here insert the molecules CH 3 NH 3 PbI 3 and CH 3 NH 3 PbBr 3 into the silicon carbide nanotube and carbon nanotube to explore their electronic properties and potential applications in electronic circuits, as shown in Fig.…”

Electrochemical Sensors and Biosensors Based on Graphene Functionalized with Metal Oxide Nanostructures for Healthcare Applications

“…Over the past few decades, carbon nanomaterials have been responsible for the biggest waves of excitement among the scientific community, due to their high figures of merit and peculiar structural characteristics in 1D, 2D, and 3D arrangements . − Recently, graphene has seen extraordinary development in the area of substantial study , . It is the most acknowledged and toughest constantly measured substance in creation .…”

“…The exceptional electronic superiority of graphene has also been a considerable topic of study. Its electron flexibility of 15,000 cm 2 V s −1 at standard temperature and a low resistivity at lower temperatures are among the best of any substance. However, the maximum of enduring properties depends on the number of coatings in mass.…”