Fundamentos y aplicaciones clínicas de la estimulación magnética transcraneal en neuropsiquiatría

Malavera, Mayra; Silva, Federico; García, Ronald G.; Rueda, Ligia C; Carrillo, Sandra

doi:10.1016/s0034-7450(14)70040-x

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…Short-term memory is a cognitive system with a limited capacity that can temporarily retain information for seconds (Miyake et al, 1999). WM is a broader and more important concept for reasoning and guiding decision-making and behavior (Cowan, 2008;Malenka et al, 2009;Diamond, 2013). WM is a central theoretical concept in cognitive psychology, neuropsychology, and neuroscience which was originally coined by Miller, Galanter, and Pribram (Pribram et al, 1960) in the 1960's in the context of theories comparing the mind to a computer.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There is also research on therapeutic applications for magnetic fields (Murphy et al, 2020), but other frequencies are mostly investigated therein (Liboff, 2019), using high magnetic inductions, between mT and Tesla, which is between 100 and 100,000 times the intensity we use. For instance, a magnetic induction of 20-150 µT-40 Hz was used in the study by Suszyński et al (2014) for nerve regeneration, and 100 mT−20 Hz was used for neurophysiological treatments (Malavera et al, 2014;Gallasch et al, 2018) in transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) treatments in their different variants (Helekar et al, 2018;Kesikburun, 2022). Typical TMS therapies do apply magnetic induction pulses of several Tesla (Sparing and Mottaghy, 2008), which last <1 ms.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A mathematical model and experimental procedure to analyze the cognitive effects of audio frequency magnetic fields

Navarro

Navarro-Modesto

2023

Front. Hum. Neurosci.

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Audio frequency magnetic fields (20 Hz−20 kHz) are magnetic fields in extremely low frequency-very low frequency (ELF-VLF) bands that are present near audio equipment and acoustic transducers. These devices transform and operate the electrical signal from the recordings or other devices into acoustic and audio signals. The cognitive influence of sound and noise has been widely studied and recognized since the times of ancient Rome; however, the cognitive effects of the magnetic fields of these frequencies have not been studied. Due to the extensive use of audio devices that use this type of transducer near the temporal–parietal area, we believe that it is of interest to study their impact on short-term memory or working memory (WM) and to analyze their potential as they operate as a transcranial magnetic stimulation. In this study, a mathematical model and an experimental tool are introduced to analyze memory performance. The model dissociates the reaction time of a cognitive task. We analyze the model in data from a group of 65 young, healthy subjects. WM is assessed in our experimental setup by means of the Sternberg test (ST), whereby during the ST, one subgroup was exposed to an audio frequency magnetic stimulus, and the other subgroup received a sham stimulus. The magnetic stimulus was ~0.1 μT and was applied to both sides of the head at the frontal cortex near the temporal–parietal area, which is where WM is expected to be located. The ST records reaction times when determining whether an object displayed on the computer screen is one of the objects to be remembered. The results are analyzed within the mathematical model and changes are observed, including the deterioration of WM, which could affect 32% of its operability.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A mathematical model and experimental procedure to analyze the cognitive effects of audio frequency magnetic fields

Navarro

Navarro-Modesto

2023

Front. Hum. Neurosci.

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Effects of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation in multiple sclerosis: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Chen

Yin

et al. 2022

Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders

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This study aims to quantitatively evaluate and summarize the effectiveness of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) in the treatment of patients with multiple sclerosis (MS). Methods: The PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, CBM, CNKI and Wanfang databases were searched for randomized controlled trails (RCTs) from their inception through July 10, 2021. RCTs that met the inclusion and exclusion criteria were included in the study, and RevMan software was used for meta-analysis. Outcome indicators included scores on the fatigue severity scale (FSS), modified Ashworth scale (MAS) and the H/M amplitude ratio of the Soleus H reflex. When p < 0.05, the difference was considered significant. Results: A total of 10 articles were included in this study, with 8 of them in the quantitative synthesis. The metaanalysis showed that the short-term effect of rTMS treatment for the MAS was better than that of the control treatment (95% CI: − 1.27 to − 0.25, p = 0.004); and compared with the control group, the effect of rTMS treatment for the H/M ratio showed a significant effect (95% CI: − 0.12 to − 0.03, p = 0.002); while the treatment effect for the FSS was not significant (95% CI: − 4.87 to 1.28, p = 0.25). Conclusion: Our results provide preliminary evidence for the treatment of patients with MS by rTMS, especially for improving spasticity, but further research is needed to evaluate its effects on fatigue.

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Neuroderechos y transhumanismo: análisis sobre el acceso equitativo al aumento mental y la identidad personal

Sánchez Salazar,

Rivera Estrada

2024

Bol. Mex. Derecho Comp.

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Las neurotecnologías han avanzado significativamente en los últimos años, generando impactos notables en la vida humana. La neuroética ha liderado discusiones sobre los límites éticos en su uso, mientras que en el ámbito legal se ha reconocido la necesidad emergente de establecer neuroderechos para proteger a los seres humanos frente a los avances y posibles consecuencias negativas que pueden darse en su identidad personal. Se busca analizar los posibles rasgos transhumanistas presentes en los neuroderechos y su potencial contradicción con los principios de protección, especialmente en lo que respecta al acceso equitativo a mejoras cognitivas y su impacto en la identidad personal de los seres humanos. Se ejecutó una investigación cualitativa documental utilizando el método triangular de la bioética de Elio Sgreccia, y la hermenéutica filosófica desde la perspectiva crítica. Se examinaron textos relevantes en la materia, posteriormente analizados críticamente, identificando rasgos transhumanistas presentes en los neuroderechos. Los neuroderechos llegan a legitimar aspiraciones transhumanistas de mejora cognitiva, resultando en afectaciones significativas en la identidad personal. A partir de estos hallazgos, se proponen elementos a tener en cuenta en la elaboración de normativas que verdaderamente propendan por la protección de las personas frente al aumento de las neurotecnologías.

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Fundamentos y aplicaciones clínicas de la estimulación magnética transcraneal en neuropsiquiatría

Cited by 4 publications

References 48 publications

A mathematical model and experimental procedure to analyze the cognitive effects of audio frequency magnetic fields

A mathematical model and experimental procedure to analyze the cognitive effects of audio frequency magnetic fields

Effects of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation in multiple sclerosis: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Neuroderechos y transhumanismo: análisis sobre el acceso equitativo al aumento mental y la identidad personal

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