Fungal development and irreversible membrane damage in cells of Lactuca sativa undergoing the hypersensitive reaction to the downy mildew fungus Bremia lactucae

Woods, Alison M.; Fagg, Jean; Mansfıeld, John W.

doi:10.1016/s0885-5765(88)80040-7

Cited by 37 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Two parameters were used, the direct measurement of cells that failed to plasmolyze (Woods et al, 1988) and electrolyte leakage from infiltrated tissue (Croft et al, 1990). Significant differences between S21-WT and S21-533 were first detected using the sensitive plasmolysis technique (Fig.…”

Section: Macroscopic Symptoms and Membrane Damagementioning

confidence: 99%

“…In particular, the relationship and possible coordination between the induction of membrane damage and activation of other responses such as modification of the cell wall and phytoalexin synthesis are still incompletely understood (Lamb et al, 1989;Mansfield, 1990;Marco et al, 1990;Slusarenko et al, 1991;Mansfield et al, 1994;Mehdy, 1994). The HR occurring in response to fungal infections is often highly localized; for example, the response of lettuce (Lactuca sativa) cultivars to the downy mildew fungus Bremia This work was supported by a studentship from the Agricul-lactucae is confined to individual penetrated cells (Woods et al, 1988). In consequence, biochemical analyses of early events during fungal infections are difficult to interpret because responses occurring in comparatively few cells may be masked by a background of unaffected tissue (Mansfield, 1990;Bailey, 1982;Bennett et al, 1994).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Hrp Mutant of Pseudomonas syringae pv phaseolicola Induces Cell Wall Alterations but Not Membrane Damage Leading to the Hypersensitive Reaction in Lettuce

1995

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Both wild-type (521 -WT) and hrpD-621-533) strains of Pseudomonas syringae pv phaseolicola induced the formation of large paramural papillae in lettuce (Lacfuca sativa) mesophyll cells adjacent to bacterial colonies. Localized alterations to the plant cell wall included deposition of hydroxyproline-rich glycoproteins, phenolics, and callose, and were associated with proliferation of the endoplasmic reticulum and multivesicular bodies. Tissue collapse during the hypersensitive reaction caused by S21 -WT was associated with electrolyte leakage and rapid accumulation of the phytoalexin lettucenin A, both of which followed membrane damage indicated by the failure of mesophyll cells to plasmolyze. A few cells lost the ability to plasmolyze after inoculation with S21-533, and low levels of lettucenin A were recorded, but neither leakage of electrolytes nor tissue collapse were detected. Dysfunction of the plasma membrane in cells adjacent to colonies of S21-WT led to extensive vacuolation of the cytoplasm, organelle disruption, and cytoplasmic collapse-changes unlike those occurring in cells undergoing apoptosis. Strain S21-533 remained viable within symptomless tissue, whereas cells of S21-WT were killed as a consequence of the hypersensitive reaction. Our observations emphasize the subtle coordination of the plant's response occurring at the subcellular Ievel.

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Section: Macroscopic Symptoms and Membrane Damagementioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Hrp Mutant of Pseudomonas syringae pv phaseolicola Induces Cell Wall Alterations but Not Membrane Damage Leading to the Hypersensitive Reaction in Lettuce

1995

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“…IMD analysis was carried out using modified published protocols (Koga et a/., 1988;Woods et a/., 1988). The abaxial surface of primary leaves of 7-day-old-seedlings was stripped to provide access for the osmoticum.…”

Section: Analysis Of Irreversible Membrane Damage (Imd)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Functional analysis and RFLP-mediated mapping of the Mlg resistance locus in barley

Gorg¹,

Hollricher²,

Schulze‐Lefert³

1993

Plant J

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SummaryThe semi-dominantly acting allele of the Mlg locus in barley confers a race-specific resistance to the causal agent of powdery mildew, Erysiphe graminis f.sp. hordei. High resolution genetic mapping via RFLP analysis enabled us to identify a set of markers on chromosome 4 which are either tightly linked or cosegregate with the resistance function. Comparison of marker distances in segregating F2 populations originating from different genotypes revealed an unexpected variation of recombination frequencies in the vicinity of the locus. Based on near-isogenic lines carrying either resistance gene Mlg or Mia12 and a cell-type specific analysis it was demonstrated that Mlgacts at an earlier stage of fungal development than MIa12. A time-course analysis of the early infection process combined with gene dosage experiments provided strong evidence that attacked cells retain viability after the defence response and that hypersensitive cell death (HR) is a secondary consequence, but not causally required for Mlg-mediated arrest of fungal growth. It is speculated that gene dosage experiments may provide a means to separate primary from secondary defence reactions.

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“…Woods and Gay (1983) found that ATPases could not be detected at haustorial plasma membranes or extrahaustorial membranes in infections by the oomycete Albugo candida. By staining with chromic and phosphotungstic acids, it was shown that glycoproteins (such as ATPases) were only present on the wall-lining domain of the host plasma membrane, but no neckband could be distinguished in the lettuce downy mildew pathogen B. lactucae (Woods et al, 1988). Indistinct transitions from one membrane domain to another in the rust Puccinia poarum and B. lactucae have lead to suggestions that membrane fluidity was restricted by some means other than a neckband .…”

Section: Nutrient Transfer From Host To Pathogenmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Compatible Interaction in Downy Mildew Infections

Spencer‐Phillips

2004

Advances in Downy Mildew Research — Volume 2

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Fungal development and irreversible membrane damage in cells of Lactuca sativa undergoing the hypersensitive reaction to the downy mildew fungus Bremia lactucae

Cited by 37 publications

References 18 publications

Hrp Mutant of Pseudomonas syringae pv phaseolicola Induces Cell Wall Alterations but Not Membrane Damage Leading to the Hypersensitive Reaction in Lettuce

Hrp Mutant of Pseudomonas syringae pv phaseolicola Induces Cell Wall Alterations but Not Membrane Damage Leading to the Hypersensitive Reaction in Lettuce

Functional analysis and RFLP-mediated mapping of the Mlg resistance locus in barley

The Compatible Interaction in Downy Mildew Infections

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