Fungal endophyte Epichloë bromicola infection regulates anatomical changes to account for salt stress tolerance in wild barley (Hordeum brevisubulatum)

Chen, Taixiang; White, James F.; Li, Chunjie

doi:10.1007/s11104-021-04828-w

Cited by 35 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 63 publications

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“…SOD and APX, thus stimulating the photosynthetic efficiency and growth rate (Pan et al, 2021). Also, the inoculation of salt‐stressed barley plants with E. bromicola induced significant tolerance in terms of better conduction of water and nutrients by increasing the number and diameter of vascular elements, as well as by reducing the water loss by thickening of leaf veins, epidermis, and endodermis of roots (Chen et al, 2021). Increased relative water content, chlorophyll content, soluble sugar, proline, phenol, and flavonoid content, along with enhanced synthesis of IAA, was observed in salt‐stressed Pennisetum glaucum , inoculated with Aspergillus terreus (Khushdil et al, 2019).…”

Section: Salt‐tolerant Microorganisms: Supporting Plant Performance Under Salinity Stressmentioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding the potential of root microbiome influencing salt‐tolerance in plants and mechanisms involved at the transcriptional and translational level

Roy

Chakraborty

Chakraborty³

2021

Physiologia Plantarum

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Soil salinity severely affects plant growth and development and imparts inevitable losses to crop productivity. Increasing the concentration of salts in the vicinity of plant roots has severe consequences at the morphological, biochemical, and molecular levels. These include loss of chlorophyll, decrease in photosynthetic rate, reduction in cell division, ROS generation, inactivation of antioxidative enzymes, alterations in phytohormone biosynthesis and signaling, and so forth. The association of microorganisms, viz. plant growth‐promoting rhizobacteria, endophytes, and mycorrhiza, with plant roots constituting the root microbiome can confer a greater degree of salinity tolerance in addition to their inherent ability to promote growth and induce defense mechanisms. The mechanisms involved in induced stress tolerance bestowed by these microorganisms involve the modulation of phytohormone biosynthesis and signaling pathways (including indole acetic acid, gibberellic acid, brassinosteroids, abscisic acid, and jasmonic acid), accumulation of osmoprotectants (proline, glycine betaine, and sugar alcohols), and regulation of ion transporters (SOS1, NHX, HKT1). Apart from this, salt‐tolerant microorganisms are known to induce the expression of salt‐responsive genes via the action of several transcription factors, as well as by posttranscriptional and posttranslational modifications. Moreover, the potential of these salt‐tolerant microflora can be employed for sustainably improving crop performance in saline environments. Therefore, this review will briefly focus on the key responses of plants under salinity stress and elucidate the mechanisms employed by the salt‐tolerant microorganisms in improving plant tolerance under saline environments.

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Section: Salt‐tolerant Microorganisms: Supporting Plant Performance Under Salinity Stressmentioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding the potential of root microbiome influencing salt‐tolerance in plants and mechanisms involved at the transcriptional and translational level

Roy

Chakraborty

Chakraborty³

2021

Physiologia Plantarum

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“…Symbiotic plants often show more tillers and biomass compared to non-symbiotic plants [15]. The potential molecular mechanisms include Epichloë endophytes, which produce hormones that promote the growth of host grasses [16]; they induce morphological changes and regulation of physiological processes in the different cool-season grasses, such as altered leaf phloem, leaf xylem, stem xylem vessels, stem vascular bundles, root meta-xylem area and root system structure [17,18], as well as increasing photosynthesis [9,10,19] and enhancing the activity of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PDH) [8]. High polyamines levels in wild barely may also be attributed to Epichloë infection [20].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Elucidating the Molecular Mechanisms by which Seed-Borne Endophytic Fungi, Epichloë gansuensis, Increases the Tolerance of Achnatherum inebrians to NaCl Stress

Cheng

Wang

Hou

et al. 2021

IJMS

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Seed-borne endophyte Epichloë gansuensis enhance NaCl tolerance in Achnatherum inebrians and increase its biomass. However, the molecular mechanism by which E. gansuensis increases the tolerance of host grasses to NaCl stress is unclear. Hence, we firstly explored the full-length transcriptome information of A. inebrians by PacBio RS II. In this work, we obtained 738,588 full-length non-chimeric reads, 36,105 transcript sequences and 27,202 complete CDSs from A. inebrians. We identified 3558 transcription factors (TFs), 15,945 simple sequence repeats and 963 long non-coding RNAs of A. inebrians. The present results show that 2464 and 1817 genes were differentially expressed by E. gansuensis in the leaves of E+ and E− plants at 0 mM and 200 mM NaCl concentrations, respectively. In addition, NaCl stress significantly regulated 4919 DEGs and 502 DEGs in the leaves of E+ and E− plants, respectively. Transcripts associated with photosynthesis, plant hormone signal transduction, amino acids metabolism, flavonoid biosynthetic process and WRKY TFs were differentially expressed by E. gansuensis; importantly, E. gansuensis up-regulated biology processes (brassinosteroid biosynthesis, oxidation–reduction, cellular calcium ion homeostasis, carotene biosynthesis, positive regulation of proteasomal ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolism and proanthocyanidin biosynthesis) of host grass under NaCl stress, which indicated an increase in the ability of host grasses’ adaptation to NaCl stress. In conclusion, our study demonstrates the molecular mechanism for E. gansuensis to increase the tolerance to salt stress in the host, which provides a theoretical basis for the molecular breed to create salt-tolerant forage with endophytes.

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“…Many studies have reported the Epichloë endophytes’ ability to increase host resistance to abiotic stresses ( Wang J. F. et al, 2020 ; Wang Z. F. et al, 2020 ; Chen et al, 2021 ; Liu et al, 2021 ; Wang et al, 2021 ). Among abiotic stress conditions, we demonstrated that Epichloë- infected tall fescue outperformed uninfected plants in saline-alkali soil.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interactive Effects of Epichloë Endophytes and Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi on Saline-Alkali Stress Tolerance in Tall Fescue

Liu

Tang

et al. 2022

Front. Microbiol.

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Epichloë endophytes and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMFs) are two important symbiotic microorganisms of tall fescue (Lolium arundinaceum). Our research explores the combined effects of endophytes and AMF on saline-alkali stress. The finding revealed that a significant interaction between Epichloë endophytes and AMF, and saline-alkali stress occurred in the growth and physiological parameters of tall fescue. Endophyte infection significantly enhanced tall fescue resistance to saline-alkali stress by increasing shoot and root biomass and nutrient uptake (organic carbon, total nitrogen, and total phosphorus concentration), and accumulating K+ while decreasing Na+ concentration. Furthermore, the beneficial effect of endophytes was enhanced by the beneficial AMF, Claroideoglomus etunicatum (CE) but was reduced by the detrimental AMF, Funneliformis mosseae (FM). Our findings highlight the importance of interactions among multiple microorganisms for plant performance under saline-alkali stress.

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Fungal endophyte Epichloë bromicola infection regulates anatomical changes to account for salt stress tolerance in wild barley (Hordeum brevisubulatum)

Cited by 35 publications

References 63 publications

Understanding the potential of root microbiome influencing salt‐tolerance in plants and mechanisms involved at the transcriptional and translational level

Understanding the potential of root microbiome influencing salt‐tolerance in plants and mechanisms involved at the transcriptional and translational level

Elucidating the Molecular Mechanisms by which Seed-Borne Endophytic Fungi, Epichloë gansuensis, Increases the Tolerance of Achnatherum inebrians to NaCl Stress

Interactive Effects of Epichloë Endophytes and Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi on Saline-Alkali Stress Tolerance in Tall Fescue

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