Fungal Horizontal Gene Transfer: A History Beyond the Phylogenetic Kingdoms

Barreiro, Carlos; Gutiérrez, Santiago; Olivera, Elı́as R.

doi:10.1007/978-3-030-21862-1_13

Cited by 8 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 145 publications

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“…To test whether the CPs underwent lateral gene transfer (LGT) events during their evolution (30)(31)(32), we reconciled the protein trees to the multilocus species phylogeny (Fig. S1) in NOTUNG (33) and T-Rex (34), as was performed for plant cell wall-degrading enzymes of Trichoderma (31).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Evolutionary and Functional Paradox of Cerato-platanins in Fungi

Gao

Ding

Jiang

et al. 2020

Appl Environ Microbiol

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Cerato-platanins (CPs) form a family of fungal small secreted cysteine-rich proteins (SSCPs) and are of particular interest not only because of their surface activity but also their abundant secretion by fungi. We performed an evolutionary analysis of 283 CPs from 157 fungal genomes with the focus on the environmental opportunistic plant-beneficial and mycoparasitic fungus Trichoderma. Our results revealed a long evolutionary history of CPs in Dikarya fungi that have undergone several events of lateral gene transfer and gene duplication. Three genes were maintained in the core genome of Trichoderma, while some species have up to four CP-encoding genes. All Trichoderma CPs evolve under stabilizing natural selection pressure. The functional genomic analysis of CPs in Trichoderma guizhouense and Trichoderma harzianum revealed that only epl1 is active at all stages of development but that it plays a minor role in interactions with other fungi and bacteria. The deletion of this gene results in increased colonization of tomato roots by Trichoderma spp. Similarly, biochemical tests of EPL1 heterologously produced by Pichia pastoris support the claims described above. Based on the results obtained, we conclude that the function of CPs is probably linked to their surfactant properties and the ability to modify the hyphosphere of submerged mycelia and, thus, facilitate the nutritional versatility of fungi. The effector-like functions do not sufficiently describe the diversity and evolution of these proteins in fungi, as they are also maintained, duplicated, or laterally transferred in the genomes of nonherbivore fungi. IMPORTANCE Cerato-platanins (CPs) are surface-active small proteins abundantly secreted by filamentous fungi. Consequently, immune systems of plants and other organisms recognize CPs and activate defense mechanisms. Some CPs are toxic to plants and act as virulence factors in plant-pathogenic fungi. Our analysis, however, demonstrates that the interactions with plants do not explain the origin and evolution of CPs in the fungal kingdom. We revealed a long evolutionary history of CPs with multiple cases of gene duplication and events of interfungal lateral gene transfers. In the mycoparasitic Trichoderma spp., CPs evolve under stabilizing natural selection and hamper the colonization of roots. We propose that the ability to modify the hydrophobicity of the fungal hyphosphere is a key to unlock the evolutionary and functional paradox of these proteins.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Evolutionary and Functional Paradox of Cerato-platanins in Fungi

Gao

Ding

Jiang

et al. 2020

Appl Environ Microbiol

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“…Although secondary metabolites can be synthesized through various and diverse biochemical pathways in different organisms, the hypothesis of a horizontal transfer of gene clusters encoding for the synthesis of the bioactive secondary metabolites among fungi, which was advanced at the end of the past millennium [150,151], has recently become more and more credited as a process driving the evolution in these organisms. It is also thought to involve their symbiotic associates [152,153], which provides an additional account on the extent of the chemodiversity in fungi characterized by a propensity toward an endophytic/endozoic lifestyle, such as Talaromyces [3,4]. In this respect, it is quite amazing to find that the incisterols, reported as products of T. versatilis [89], were first identified as a new sterol class from marine sponges [154].…”

Section: Other Biological Sources Of the Known Compoundsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Outstanding Chemodiversity of Marine-Derived Talaromyces

2023

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Fungi in the genus Talaromyces occur in every environment in both terrestrial and marine contexts, where they have been quite frequently found in association with plants and animals. The relationships of symbiotic fungi with their hosts are often mediated by bioactive secondary metabolites, and Talaromyces species represent a prolific source of these compounds. This review highlights the biosynthetic potential of marine-derived Talaromyces strains, using accounts from the literature published since 2016. Over 500 secondary metabolites were extracted from axenic cultures of these isolates and about 45% of them were identified as new products, representing a various assortment of chemical classes such as alkaloids, meroterpenoids, isocoumarins, anthraquinones, xanthones, phenalenones, benzofurans, azaphilones, and other polyketides. This impressive chemodiversity and the broad range of biological properties that have been disclosed in preliminary assays qualify these fungi as a valuable source of products to be exploited for manifold biotechnological applications.

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“…Latest studies relate antibiotic resistance spread to temperature increase because bacterial duplication time is accelerated, multiplying the chance of mutations, the horizontal transfer of genes (some of them related to antibiotic resistance) and infectivity [2,161,163,164] (Figure 3). Particularly, this increase in resistance has been notably higher in southern Europe, where climate change has led to a rise in minimum temperatures.…”

Section: Antibiotic Resistancementioning

confidence: 99%

Microorganisms and Climate Change: A Not so Invisible Effect

Ibáñez,

Garrido-Chamorro,

Barreiro

2023

Microbiology Research

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The effect of climate change on flora and fauna has been widely discussed for years. However, its consequences on microorganisms are generally poorly considered. The main effect of climate change on microbiota is related to biodiversity changes in different regions of the planet, mainly due to variations in temperature. These alterations are resulting in a worldwide (re)distribution of pathogens, which was not considered a few years ago. They mainly affect different food chain sectors (such as agriculture, livestock and fishing), as well as human health. Hence, the spread of numerous animal and plant pathogens has been observed in recent years from south to north (especially in America, Europe and Asia), leading to the spread of numerous plant and animal diseases, which results in economic and ecological losses. In addition, global warming that accompanies climate change could also be related to emerging antibiotic resistance. However, the mitigation of climate change goes hand in hand with microorganisms, which can help us through different natural and industrial processes. Thus, this manuscript presents the direct and indirect effects of climate change on microorganisms described up to date and how they act on this worldwide phenomenon.

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Fungal Horizontal Gene Transfer: A History Beyond the Phylogenetic Kingdoms

Cited by 8 publications

References 145 publications

The Evolutionary and Functional Paradox of Cerato-platanins in Fungi

The Evolutionary and Functional Paradox of Cerato-platanins in Fungi

The Outstanding Chemodiversity of Marine-Derived Talaromyces

Microorganisms and Climate Change: A Not so Invisible Effect

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