Fungal infections in pediatric neurosurgery

Cáceres, Adrián; Avila, María Luisa; Herrera, Marco Luis

doi:10.1007/s00381-018-3942-3

Cited by 13 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 105 publications

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“…Cranial CT/MRI is the most important imaging modality in the diagnosis of CNSFI. Imaging findings may be categorized as parenchymal (abscess, granulomas, cerebritis), vascular (vasculitis), and extra-axial (meningitis) 22,23. Necrotizing angiitis, thrombosis, and infarcts may develop because of fungal obstruction of the medium-large vessels 24.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Imaging findings may be categorized as parenchymal (abscess, granulomas, cerebritis), vascular (vasculitis), and extra-axial (meningitis). 22,23 Necrotizing angiitis, thrombosis, and infarcts may develop because of fungal obstruction of the medium-large vessels. 24 Hemorrhagic infarcts can also cause septic infarction and cerebritis-abscesses.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…24 Hemorrhagic infarcts can also cause septic infarction and cerebritis-abscesses. 23 In our study, a radiologic examination was performed in all patients. All had an MRI, some with an additional CT scan.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Central Nervous System Fungal Infections in Children With Leukemia and Undergoing Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation: A Retrospective Multicenter Study

Karaman

Kebudi

Kizilocak

et al. 2022

Journal of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology

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Background: Central nervous system fungal infections (CNSFI) are seen in patients with hematologic malignancies and have high morbidity and mortality. Because of their rarity, there is limited data on CNSFI in children with no established treatment protocols or guidelines. Materials and Methods: In this multicenter retrospective study, 51 pediatric patients with leukemia, 6 of whom had undergone bone marrow transplantation, with proven or probable CNSFI were evaluated. Fungal infections were defined as proven or probable based on European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer criteria. Proven CNSFI was diagnosed by appropriate central nervous system (CNS) imaging or tissue sample findings in combination with positive microbiological results of cerebrospinal fluid. A positive culture, microscopic evidence of hyphae, a positive result of the galactomannan assays are defined as positive microbiological evidence. Probable CNSFI was defined as appropriate CNS imaging findings together with proven or probable invasive fungal infections at another focus without CNS when there is no other explanatory condition. Data was collected by using the questionnaire form (Supplemental Digital Content 1, http://links.lww.com/JPHO/A541). Results: Seventeen patients had proven, 34 patients had probable CNSFI. Headaches and seizures were the most common clinical findings. The median time between the onset of fever and diagnosis was 5 days. The most common fungal agent identified was Aspergillus. Sixteen patients received single-agent, 35 received combination antifungal therapy. Surgery was performed in 23 patients. Twenty-two patients (43%) died, 29 of the CNSFI episodes recovered with a 20% neurological sequelae. Conclusion: CNSFIs should be considered in the differential diagnosis in patients with leukemia and refractory/recurrent fever, headache, neurologicalocular symptoms, and a radiologic-serological evaluation should be performed immediately. Early diagnosis and prompt management, both medical and surgical, are essential for improving clinical outcomes.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Central Nervous System Fungal Infections in Children With Leukemia and Undergoing Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation: A Retrospective Multicenter Study

Karaman

Kebudi

Kizilocak

et al. 2022

Journal of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology

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“…The majority of shunt infections are caused by skin organisms such as coagulase-negative Staphylococcus and Staphylococcus aureus. Fungal shunt infections are rare (1). Most commonly, infections are introduced during a surgical procedure or manipulation of an external drain (1).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Candida albicans ventriculoperitoneal shunt infection in an infant: A case report and review of the literature

Lopez¹,

Kazina

Bigio

et al. 2020

Official Journal of the Association of Medical Microbiology and

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Ventriculoperitoneal shunt malfunction is commonly seen with infection. Fungal cases are rare. We report the case of an infant with a ventriculoperitoneal shunt infection who presented with accelerated head growth. Cerebrospinal fluid cultures demonstrated Candida albicans. She was successfully treated with device removal and 3 weeks of intravenous antifungal therapy. This case highlights challenges with the diagnosis and treatment of fungal shunt infections.

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“…This fungus species lives on highly nitrogenous soil contaminated with bat or chicken droppings and reproduces by budding or blastospores. 21 The abundance of diseases caused by fungal infection have prompted people, especially those working in health field, to make developments in antifungal agents. Nowadays, there are many kinds of antifungal agent freely sold in the markets, however, that does not ensure that fungal infection diseases will be subdued.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potential of orchid as antifungal agent resources: a scoping review

Sityardi

Desrini

2021

IJPTher

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In 2017, one billion people contracted fungal infection with 11.5 million people contracted life-threatening infection and 1.5 million death per year. Orchid is a plant that grows in tropical and sub-tropical countries, the same places where fungal infection occurrence is high. On previous studies reported that orchid contains alkaloids and polyphenols such as flavonoid, and phenol acid. The review aimed to identify the orchid as a potential antifungal resource. A scoping review was used. The type of articles reviewed were original articles obtained from five electronic journal databases published within 2012-2021. Three articles reported similar result which was that orchid extract has a significant antifungal activity although the part of plant used was different, ranging from the root, to the leaf. Two articles reported a specific antifungal activity against Candida albicans while the remaining one against Trichophyton rubrum. In conclusion, the root, leaf, branch, and flower extracts of orchid is potential antifungal resources.

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Fungal infections in pediatric neurosurgery

Cited by 13 publications

References 105 publications

Central Nervous System Fungal Infections in Children With Leukemia and Undergoing Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation: A Retrospective Multicenter Study

Central Nervous System Fungal Infections in Children With Leukemia and Undergoing Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation: A Retrospective Multicenter Study

Candida albicans ventriculoperitoneal shunt infection in an infant: A case report and review of the literature

Potential of orchid as antifungal agent resources: a scoping review

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