Fungal Trunk Pathogens in the Grapevine Propagation Process: Potential Inoculum Sources, Detection, Identification, and Management Strategies

Gramaje, David; Armengol, Josep

doi:10.1094/pdis-01-11-0025

Cited by 199 publications

(234 citation statements)

References 92 publications

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“…During the past three decades however, and coinciding with the recent ban on the use of sodium arsenite, the incidence of esca increased drastically infecting as many as 50 % of vines in some Italian vineyards (Bertsch et al 2009;Surico et al 2006). At the same time, the broad establishment of new vineyards globally has been accompanied by a dramatic increase of young vine decline, a disease expressing similar foliar symptoms as esca, but occurring in grapevine plants 1 to 9 years old (Edwards et al 2001;Eskalen et al 2007;Ferreira et al 1999;Gramaje and Armengol 2011).…”

Section: Electronic Supplementary Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

What if esca disease of grapevine were not a fungal disease?

et al. 2012

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Esca disease, which attacks the wood of grapevine, has become increasingly devastating during the past three decades and represents today a major concern in all wine-producing countries. This disease is attributed to a group of systematically diverse fungi that are considered to be latent pathogens, however, this has not been conclusively established. This study presents the first in-depth comparison between the mycota of healthy and diseased plants taken from the same vineyard to determine which fungi become invasive when foliar symptoms of esca appear. An unprecedented high fungal diversity, 158 species, is here reported exclusively from grapevine wood in a single Swiss vineyard plot. An identical mycota inhabits wood of healthy and diseased adult plants and presumed esca pathogens were widespread and occurred in similar frequencies in both plant types. Pioneer esca-associated fungi are not transmitted from adult to nursery plants through the grafting process. Consequently the presumed esca-associated fungal pathogens are most likely saprobes decaying already senescent or dead wood resulting from intensive pruning, frost or other mecanical injuries as grafting. The cause of esca disease therefore remains elusive and requires well executive scientific study. These results question the assumed pathogenicity of fungi in other diseases of plants or animals where identical mycota are retrieved from both diseased and healthy individuals.

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Section: Electronic Supplementary Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

What if esca disease of grapevine were not a fungal disease?

et al. 2012

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“…Within the cycle, the pathogen is dispersed to the host plant typically by wind, water or an insect (Fitt et al, 1989). Given the appropriate conditions, the host is inoculated through viral or bacterial attachment to a host by fungal spores, germinating plant seeds, or hatching nematode eggs (Gramaje and Armengol, 2011). This is followed by penetration of the plant surface by the pathogen either directly or through natural openings such as stomata, lenticels or hydathodes (Zheng et al, 2010), or often by insect feeding damage that produces lesions and consequently exposes internal tissues to the external environment (Stafford et al, 2009).…”

Section: How Do Pathogens Attack Plant-organs and Tissues And How Do mentioning

confidence: 99%

Plant paleopathology and the roles of pathogens and insects

Labandeira

Prevec

2014

International Journal of Paleopathology

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“…Other genera that affect young vineyards are Campylocarpon, Cylindrocladiella, Dactylonectria, Ilyonectria and Neonectria spp. (Gramaje and Armengol, 2011).…”

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confidence: 99%