Fungicide tolerance - a rapidly emerging problem in turfgrass disease control

Cultivar Selection, Cultural Management Practice, and Fungicide Application Influence Leaf Spot and Dollar Spot on Ultradwarf Bermudagrass

“…Historically, fungicide applications have provided the most effective S. homoeocarpa control option (Walsh et al, 1999). However, issues related to reduced fungicidal efficacy for S. homoeocarpa control began in the 1960s with cadmium tolerance and have since extended to additional chemistries (Cole et al, 1968, 1974; Massie et al, 1968; Nicholson et al, 1971; Goldberg and Cole, 1973; Warren et al, 1974; Detweiler et al, 1983; Golembiewski et al, 1995; Smiley et al, 2005). The continued improper use of these and other chemical pesticides has prompted fungicide resistance development within pathogen populations (Walsh et al, 1999).…”