Fungus Infections of the Central Nervous System

Cerebral infarction related to cryptococcal meningitis in an HIV-infected patient: case report and literature review

“…In addition, there is increasing evidence of primary HIV vasculitis of the CNS [9]. The role of cryptococcal meningitis in vasculopathy is uncertain [15,22,34].…”

“…The vascular mechanisms of these agents causing cerebral infarction and transient neurological deficits (TND) in AIDS patients include deposition of antigen-antibody complexes, with vasculitis and infarction [9,10], and a direct toxic effect of a viral antigen or infectious agent on the vascular endothelium [9,11,12]. However, the role of cryptococcal meningitis, particularly in vasculopathy, is not still clear [9,[13][14][15]. We report a case of cerebral infarction in an HIV-infected patient, with cryptococcal meningitis as the first manifestation of AIDS.…”

History of medical mycology in the united states

“…The incidence of mycotic meningeal infections was reported in New York City and Washington, D.C., by Freeman (130) and Smith and Sano (384) in 1933. Freeman studied tissue sections from 13 cases of C. neoformans meningitis and one case each of a CNS infection caused by Aspergillus spp., B. dermatitidis, C. immitis, H. capsulatum, and S. schenckii (130). He concluded that these were chronic meningeal infections without invasion of other organs and that the finding of the fungus in the CSF established the diagnosis.…”

Encephalitis in Children

“…The pathologic process is characterized by foci of giant cells and necrotic areas throughout the brain, in which the yeastlike organism can be readily demonstrated. 20 Toxoplasmosis-Toxoplasmic encephalitis is seen most frequently as a manifestation of congenital toxoplasmosis. Hydrocephalus may develop soon after birth.…”