Further characterization of Maize chlorotic mottle virus and its synergistic interaction with Sugarcane mosaic virus in maize

Wang, Qiang; Zhang, Chao; Wang, Chunyan; Qian, Yajuan; Li, Zhenghe; Hong, Jian; Zhou, Xueping

doi:10.1038/srep39960

Cited by 35 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…Occurrence of MLN has been reported in various parts of the world and is caused by synergistic interactions between MCMV (family Tombusviridae, genus Machlomovirus) and any of SCMV, MDMV (family Potyviridae, genus Potyvirus) or WSMV (family Potyviridae, genus Tritimovirus) (Uyemoto et al, 1980;Goldberg and Brakke 1987;Scheets, 1998;Xie et al, 2016;Wang et al, 2017). In Africa, the disease is mainly caused by co-infection by MCMV and SCMV (Adams et al, 2013;ASARECA, 2014).…”

Section: Maize Lethal Necrosismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Also, symptoms caused by the MLN viruses may vary according to the age of the maize plant, variety involved, environmental conditions, strain of the MLN viruses, and different viruses may cause similar symptoms on the same plant. Sometimes the disease symptom could result from co-infection by more than one virus (Nelson et al, 2011;Kiruwa et al, 2016;Wang et al, 2017). Virus symptoms can be verified through transmission of the virus from a diseased to a healthy plant.…”

Section: Symptomatologymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Maize lethal necrosis and the molecular basis of variability in concentrations of the causal viruses in co-infected maize plant

Awata¹,

Ifie

Tongoona

et al. 2019

J. Gen. Mol. Virol.

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Section: Maize Lethal Necrosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Symptomatologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Maize lethal necrosis and the molecular basis of variability in concentrations of the causal viruses in co-infected maize plant

Awata¹,

Ifie

Tongoona

et al. 2019

J. Gen. Mol. Virol.

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“…MLND is caused by a mixed infection of maize chlorotic mottle virus (MCMV) and any potyvirus that infects maize, usually sugarcane mosaic virus (SCMV) [1, 15, 16]. However, MCMV infection can also be severe when combined with abiotic stress such as drought, or with viruses outside the Potyviridae family [9], while common maize potyviruses like SCMV are generally mild on their own [15, 17, 18]. Efforts to identify genetic resistance against MCMV and potyviruses have revealed resistance to SCMV [19–22], but only tolerance to MCMV [23] with reduced symptoms and virus levels.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The RNA of maize chlorotic mottle virus - the essential virus in maize lethal necrosis disease - is translated via a panicum mosaic virus-like cap-independent translation element

Carino

Scheets

Miller

2020

Preprint

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Maize chlorotic mottle virus (MCMV) combines with a potyvirus in maize lethal necrosis disease (MLND), an emerging disease worldwide that often causes catastrophic yield loss. To inform resistance strategies, we characterized the translation initiation mechanism of MCMV. We report that, like other tombusvirids, MCMV RNA contains a cap-independent translation element (CITE) in its 3’ untranslated region (UTR). The MCMV 3’ CITE (MTE) was mapped to nucleotides 4164-4333 in the genomic RNA. SHAPE probing revealed that the MTE is a variant of the panicum mosaic virus-like 3’ CITE (PTE). Like the PTE, electrophoretic mobility shift assays (EMSAs) indicated that eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E (eIF4E) binds the MTE despite the absence of a m7GpppN cap structure, which is normally required for eIF4E to bind RNA. The MTE interaction with eIF4E suggests eIF4E may be a soft target for engineered resistance to MCMV. Using a luciferase reporter system, mutagenesis to disrupt and restore base pairing revealed that the MTE interacts with the 5’ UTRs of both genomic RNA and the 3’-coterminal subgenomic RNA1 via long-distance kissing stem-loop base pairing to facilitate translation in wheat germ extract and in protoplasts. However, the MTE is a relatively weak stimulator of translation and has a weak, if any, pseudoknot, which is present in the most active PTEs. Most mutations designed to form a pseudoknot decreased translation activity. Mutations in the viral genome that reduced or restored translation prevented and restored virus replication, respectively, in maize protoplasts and in plants. We propose that MCMV, and some other positive strand RNA viruses, favors a weak translation element to allow highly efficient viral RNA synthesis.Author SummaryIn recent years, maize lethal necrosis disease has caused massive crop losses in East Africa and Ecuador. It has also emerged in East Asia. Maize chlorotic mottle virus (MCMV) infection is required for this disease. While some tolerant maize lines have been identified, there are no known resistance genes that confer full immunity to MCMV. In order to design better resistance strategies against MCMV, we focused on how the MCMV genome is translated, the first step of gene expression required for infection by all positive strand RNA viruses. We identified a structure (cap-independent translation element) in the 3’ untranslated region of the viral RNA genome that allows the virus to usurp a host translation initiation factor in a way that differs from host mRNA interactions with the translational machinery. This difference may guide engineering of – or breeding for – resistance to MCMV. Moreover, this work adds to the diversity of known eukaryotic translation initiation mechanisms, as it provides more information on mRNA structural features that permit noncanonical interaction with a translation factor. Finally, owing to the conflict between ribosomes translating and viral replicase copying viral RNA, we propose that MCMV has evolved a relatively weak translation element in order to permit highly efficient RNA synthesis, and that this replication-translation trade-off may apply to other positive strand RNA viruses.

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“…However, the quality as well as production of maize are always threatened by pathogen invasion. Several RNA viruses-such as sugarcane mosaic virus (SCMV), rice black streaked dwarf (RBSDV), maize dwarf mosaic virus (MDMV), maize rough dwarf virus (MRDV), and maize chlorotic mottle virus (MCMV)-have been reported as common viral agents infecting maize [11][12][13]. Synergistic interactions of MCMV with potyviruses, such as wheat streak mosaic rymovirus or SCMV, are fairly common in maize fields [13,14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Proteomic Changes during MCMV Infection Revealed by iTRAQ Quantitative Proteomic Analysis in Maize

Dang

Cheng

et al. 2019

IJMS

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Maize chlorotic mottle virus (MCMV) has been occurring frequently worldwide and causes severe yield losses in maize (Zea mays). To better investigate the destructive effects of MCMV infection on maize plants, isobaric tagging for relative and absolute quantitation (iTRAQ)-based comparative proteomic analysis was performed on MCMV infected maize cv. B73. A total of 972 differentially abundant proteins (DAPs), including 661 proteins with increased abundance and 311 proteins with reduced abundance, were identified in response to MCMV infection. Functional annotations of DAPs and measurement of photosynthetic activity revealed that photosynthesis was decreased, while the abundance of ribosomal proteins, proteins related to stress responses, oxidation-reduction and redox homeostasis was altered significantly during MCMV infection. Two DAPs, disulfide isomerases like protein ZmPDIL-1 and peroxiredoxin family protein ZmPrx5, were further analyzed for their roles during MCMV infection through cucumber mosaic virus-based virus-induced gene silencing (CMV-VIGS). The accumulation of MCMV was suppressed in ZmPDIL-1-silenced or ZmPrx5-silenced B73 maize, suggesting ZmPDIL-1 and ZmPrx5 might enhance host susceptibility to MCMV infection.

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Further characterization of Maize chlorotic mottle virus and its synergistic interaction with Sugarcane mosaic virus in maize

Cited by 35 publications

References 38 publications

Maize lethal necrosis and the molecular basis of variability in concentrations of the causal viruses in co-infected maize plant

Maize lethal necrosis and the molecular basis of variability in concentrations of the causal viruses in co-infected maize plant

The RNA of maize chlorotic mottle virus - the essential virus in maize lethal necrosis disease - is translated via a panicum mosaic virus-like cap-independent translation element

Proteomic Changes during MCMV Infection Revealed by iTRAQ Quantitative Proteomic Analysis in Maize

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