Further Studies of the Vidian Ganglion as a Source of Innervation of the Anterior Lobe of the Hypophysis

Zacharias, Leona; Seymour, W. B.

doi:10.1210/endo-31-6-638

Cited by 15 publications

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“…This ganglion has been described by some authors in rat and monkey (Chorobski and Penfield, 1932;Zacharias, 1941 and1942;Vasquez and Purves, 1979). Dener vation experiments in monkey (Chorobski and Pen field, 1932) revealed that this area contained a mix ture of afferent and efferent large and small myelinated as well as small unmyelinated fibers running in various directions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 62%

Origins and Pathways of Cerebrovascular Vasoactive Intestinal Polypeptide-Positive Nerves in Rat

Suzuki

Hardebo

Owman

1988

J Cereb Blood Flow Metab

209

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Summary: In order to clarify the origins and pathways of vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP)-containing nerve fibers in cerebral blood vessels of rat, denervation exper iments and retrograde axonal tracing methods (true blue) were used. Numerous VIP-positive nerve cells were rec ognized in the sphenopalatine ganglion and in a mini-gan glion (internal carotid mini-ganglion) located on the in ternal carotid artery in the carotid canal, where the para sympathetic greater superficial petrosal nerve is joined by the sympathetic fibers from the internal carotid nerve, to form the Vidian nerve. VIP fiber bridges in the greater deep petrosal nerve and the internal carotid nerve reached the wall of the internal carotid artery. Two weeks after bilateral removal of the sphenopalatine ganglion or sectioning of the structures in the ethmoidal foramen, VIP fibers in the anterior part of the circle of Willis com pletely disappeared. Very few remained in the middle ce rebral artery, the posterior cerebral artery, and rostral Cerebral blood vessels are well supplied with classic adrenergic and cholinergic nerve fibers as well as with peptide-containing fibers (Owman et aI. , 1986). Among these, the vasodilatory peptide, vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP), has been demonstrated by immunohistochemistry in whole mount preparations of major pial cerebral arteries from mouse, rat, hamster, guinea pig, gerbil, rabbit, cat, dog, pig, cow, monkey, and man (Larsson et aI., 1976; Edvinsson et aI., 1980; Kobayashi et aI. , 1983; Matsuyama et aI. , 1983 andEdvinsson and Ekman, 1984; Itakura et aI. , 1984; Gibbins et aI., 1984;Brayden and Bevan, 1986).In most species little is known about the origin and distribution of the VIP nerves to the cerebral blood vessels. In cat they appear to originate from several miniganglia associated with nerves around Received December 7, 1987; accepted February 19, 1988. Address correspondence and reprint requests to Dr. N. Suzuki at Department of Medical Cell Research, University of Lund, Biskopsgatan 5, S-223 62 Lund, Sweden.Abbreviations used: AChE, acetylcholinesterase; ChAT, cho line acetyltransferase; VIP, vasoactive intestinal polypeptide. 697two-thirds of the basilar artery, whereas they remained in the caudal one-third of the basilar artery, the vertebral artery, and intracranial and carotid canal segments of the internal carotid artery. One week after application of true blue to the middle cerebral artery, dye accumulated in the ganglion cells in the sphenopalatine, otic and internal ca rotid mini-ganglion; some of the cells were positive for VIP. The results show that the VIP nerves in rat cerebral blood vessels originate: (a) in the sphenopalatine, and otic ganglion to innervate the circle of Willis and its branches from anterior and caudally and (b) from the in ternal carotid mini-ganglion to innervate the internal ca rotid artery at the level of the carotid canal and to some extent its intracranial extensions.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 62%