Further validation of a quadruplex STR DNA typing system: a collaborative effort to identify victims of a mass disaster

Clayton, Tim; Whitaker, Jonathan; Fisher, Deborah L.; Lee, D.A.; Holland, Mitchell M.; Weedn, Victor W.; Maguire, Christopher; DiZinno, Joseph A.; Kimpton, C.; Gill, Peter

doi:10.1016/0379-0738(95)01788-7

Cited by 34 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…DNA profiling based on STRs is the most popular method of human identification due to the highly polymorphic nature of STRs and the ease of their genotyping (1)(2)(3)(4)(5). In comparison to minisatellites, the small amplified fragment length of STRs facilitates its utility in the analysis of degraded DNA samples (6)(7)(8)(9)(10).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

A Study on the Effects of Degradation and Template Concentration on the Amplification Efficiency of the STR Miniplex Primer Sets

Chung¹,

Drábek²,

Opel³

et al. 2004

Journal of Forensic Sciences

114

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In forensic DNA analysis, the samples recovered from the crime scene are often highly degraded leading to poor PCR amplification of the larger sized STR loci. To avoid this problem, we have developed STR markers with redesigned primer sequences called "Miniplexes" to produce smaller amplicons. To assess the effectiveness of these kits, we have tested these primer sets with enzymatically degraded DNA and compared the amplifications to a commercial kit. We also conducted sensitivity and peak balance studies of three Miniplex sets. Lastly, we report a case study on two human skeletal remain samples collected from different environmental conditions. In both types of degraded DNA, the Miniplex primer sets were capable of producing more complete profiles when compared to the larger sized amplicons from the commercial kit. Correct genotypes were obtained at template concentrations as low as 31 pg/25 µL. Overall, our data confirm that our redesigned primers can increase the probability of obtaining a usable profile in situations where standard kits fail.

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confidence: 99%

A Study on the Effects of Degradation and Template Concentration on the Amplification Efficiency of the STR Miniplex Primer Sets

Chung¹,

Drábek²,

Opel³

et al. 2004

Journal of Forensic Sciences

114

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“…In general, the results are consistent with those reported in other studies where DNA profiling was performed using different tissues of decomposed human bodies. These study involved DNA amplification of STR loci from a relative amount of DNA present in the heart, liver, femoral muscles and thigh muscles, respectively (Bar et al 1988;Clayton et al 1995;Takahashia et al, 1997).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An assessment of preserved DNA in decomposed biological materials by using forensic DNA profiling

Thakar

Joshi

Shrivastava

et al. 2019

Egypt J Forensic Sci

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Background: DNA profiling for the victim identification in several forensic situations is mostly challenging due to a high degree of degradation or due to a high level of intermingling of remains. There are many intrinsic and extrinsic factors involved in the postmortem decay of tissues. Forensic DNA analysts come across a variety of samples ranging from stain samples to visceral material to bone or teeth. The amount and quality of DNA recovery are highly variable/challenging in dealing such forensic evidence. Material and methods: In the present study, two different types of postmortem tissues (brain and prostate/uterus) along with teeth of 20 naturally decomposed human bodies were analysed. DNA extraction has been performed using the phenol-chloroform extraction method. Further, the extracted samples have been subjected for quantitative analysis using RT-PCR. Samples were amplified using the PowerPlex® 21(PP 21) multiplex system and were genotyped using capillary electrophoresis in 3500XL Genetic Analyzer.Results: A perfect short tandem repeat (STR) profile has been generated from all the teeth samples. In most of the cases, brain tissue samples also provided an optimal profile. In contrast, prostate tissue samples gave partial amplification at almost all the samples. These findings were further evaluated by DNA profile quality measures for the studied samples. Conclusion: The present study may provide a platform to effectively evaluate forensic samples that contain small or degraded DNA template. The multiplex autosomal STR loci PP 21 system used in the study is efficient enough for typing such degraded samples with high sensitivity and discrimination power.

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“…One of the first DVI projects to employ DNA typing technology followed the 1993 Waco siege, culminating in the outbreak of a fire on April 19, 1993, which resulted in the death of more than 70 people (3)(4)(5). The identification of individuals following this particular incident presented many challenges to investigators.…”

Section: The History Of Dna DVImentioning

confidence: 99%

Disaster victim identification

Graham

2006

Forens Sci Med Pathol

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In the event of any mass fatality incident, despite the cause, disaster victim identification must be undertaken; the humanitarian and legal responsibility for this falls on the forensic community. Mass fatality incidents can be natural (e.g., tsunamis, earthquakes, hurricanes), accidental (e.g., building collapse, ship sinking) or can occur as a result of a terrorist attack. Terrorism alone has been responsible for thousands of deaths in recent years and can be encountered in many forms (e.g., suicide bombings, airplane hijackings). In mass fatality situations, the experitise of many specialities are called on to assist in the identification efforts and to allow for the speedy return of recovered human remains to the relatives of the deceased. Today, DNA plays a vital but never solitary role in disaster victim identification.

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Further validation of a quadruplex STR DNA typing system: a collaborative effort to identify victims of a mass disaster

Cited by 34 publications

References 13 publications

A Study on the Effects of Degradation and Template Concentration on the Amplification Efficiency of the STR Miniplex Primer Sets

A Study on the Effects of Degradation and Template Concentration on the Amplification Efficiency of the STR Miniplex Primer Sets

An assessment of preserved DNA in decomposed biological materials by using forensic DNA profiling

Disaster victim identification

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