Fusarium Wilt of Cotton: Population Diversity and Implications for Management

Abstract

Fusarium wilt of cotton, caused by the fungus Fusarium oxysporum Schlechtend. f. sp. vasinfectum (Atk.) Snyd. & Hans, was first identified in 1892 in cotton growing in sandy acid soils in Alabama (8). Although the disease was soon discovered in other major cotton-producing areas, it did not become global until the end of the next century. After its original discovery, Fusarium wilt of cotton was reported in Egypt (1902) (30), India (1908) (60), Tanzania (1954) (110), California (1959) (33), Sudan (1960) (44), Israel (1970) (27), Brazil (1978) (5), China (1981) (17), and Australia (1993) (56). In addition to a worldwide distribution, Fusarium wilt occurs in all four of the domesticated cottons, Gossypium arboretum L., G. barbadense L., G. herbaceum L., and G. hirsutum L. (4,30). Disease losses in cotton are highly variable within a country or region. In severely infested fields planted with susceptible cultivars, yield losses can be high. In California, complete crop losses in individual fields have been observed (R. M. Davis, unpublished). Disease loss estimates prepared by the National Cotton Disease Council indicate losses of over 109,000 bales (227 kg or 500 lb) in the United States in 2004 (12).

Morphology, Pathogenicity and Molecular Identification of Fusarium spp. Associated with Anise Seeds in Serbia

“…Generally, a management of root rot disease, caused by Fusarium species, is usually based on the crop rotations to reduce the inoculum levels in soil (Davis et al, 2006) as well as using healthy seeds or genetically resistant cultivars. In protection of anise seeds of Fusarium species we could use beneficial bacterial strains which demonstrate an antagonistic effect to fungi.…”

Response of AtNPR1-expressing cotton plants to Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. vasinfectum isolates

“…Fusarium wilt, caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. vasinfectum (Fov), reduces cotton production by *100,000 bales per year in the U.S. (Davis et al 2006). There are six recognized races of Fov, cotton cultivars with resistance to all races do not exist and host resistance is the most effective approach for managing Fusarium wilt of cotton (Cianchetta and Davis 2015).…”

Transmission and effects of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. vasinfectum on cotton seeds

“…& H. N. Hans, is one of the most important diseases of cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) causing severe yield losses worldwide. The disease can reduce cotton productivity to intolerable levels in countries located specially in Africa, Asia, USA, South America and Oceania (Davis et al, 1996(Davis et al, , 2006Wang et al, 2006). The pathogen is considered to be soil-borne with a parasitic phase in the plant and a saprophytic phase in the soil or in plant debris after harvest (Wang et al, 2006).…”