Fused deposition modeling (FDM) based 3D printing of microelectrodes and multi-electrode probes

Helú, Mariela Alicia Brites; Liu, Liang

doi:10.1016/j.electacta.2020.137279

Cited by 24 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…For example, an automotive brake pedal has recently been produced with metal-polymer filaments [62]. FDM has also been proposed as a viable construction technology for habitation on Mars [63] and for the fabrication of microelectrodes and multi-electrode probes [64]. Shock-resistant and affordable polypropylene (PP) dipping chambers suitable for synthesis or analytical purposes [65] and PLA dielectric substrates for microstrip patch antenna [66] have also been fabricated by FDM.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fused deposition modelling: Current status, methodology, applications and future prospects

Cano-Vicent

Tambuwala

Hassan³

et al. 2021

Additive Manufacturing

199

126

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fused deposition modelling: Current status, methodology, applications and future prospects

Cano-Vicent

Tambuwala

Hassan³

et al. 2021

Additive Manufacturing

199

126

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“…[252,253] Chen et al [253] developed a new method to prepare catalyst according to the tunable electroconductibility of carbon. [214,254,255] As shown in Figure 17a, the microsized metal (2 µm) or semiconductor particles (Al, Si, Sn, gold, and Pd) in the printed structures are melted under high-temperature (>1400 °C) by the Joule heating (Figure 17b) produced by carbon matrix. Then the melt metal or semiconductor particles were separated by the defects of the matrix and agglomerated by the surface energy during the fast cooling to form the nanoparticles in the size below 10 nm.…”

Section: Novel Advantages Unlocked By the 3d Printed Hscsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hierarchically Structured Components: Design, Additive Manufacture, and Their Energy Applications

Wang

Xuan

Zhang

et al. 2021

Adv Materials Technologies

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term solutions are urgently needed before adequate supply of the renewable energy. [1,2] Improvement of efficiency in the energy production and consumption processes is a key factor to address these problems. Meanwhile, the large reaction rate is a key factor to meet the industrial energy requirements. [1][2][3][4][5] Mass transport intensification is an effective method to improve the efficiency and reaction rate in the adsorptions, chemical reactions, and electrochemical reactions, which plays crucial roles in the gas (H 2 , CH 4 , CO 2 , etc.) storage, [6,7] energy conversion, [8] and energy storage. [3,9,10] Recently, novel batteries [2,3,[11][12][13] and microreactors [8,[14][15][16][17][18] for the gas (H 2 , CH 4 , CO 2 , etc.) storage [6,7] and energy conversion [8] have been developed to meet the requirements of high efficiency and rates. In these devices, the mass transport intensification is particularly important to acquire the high selectivity, large reaction rate, great conversion efficiency. [2,8,19,20] The mass transfer steps in the monolithic adsorbents, structured catalysts, and shaped electrodes are similar. Therefore, it is possible to use an identical term to describe the monolithic adsorbents, structured catalysts, and shaped electrodes for convenience to discuss the mass transfer processes. Herein, we use the hierarchically structured components (HSCs) to describe the structures which are comprised of designed channels and matrix between channels, where the matrix is made from functional materials (ceramics, carbon, metals, etc.) with pores in the size from nanometer to sub-millimeters, as illustrated in Figure 1a. In the flow batteries and fuel cells, the assembly of bipolar plate and electrode is regarded as HSC.Generally, the reactants undergo four steps (distribution, adsorption, acceleration, and reaction) in the HSC, as shown in Figure 1b-e. The distribution starts as soon as the reactant flows into the inlet. In this step, the reactant is distributed across the HSC through the designed channels, as shown in Figure 1b. [21,22] Subsequently the fluid is adsorbed by the macropores (>50 nm) which act as buffers for the reactants in the matrix, shown in Figure 1c. [23] As shown in Figure 1d,e, the reactants are accelerated by the mesopores (2-50 nm) and transferred to the micropores (<2 nm) which provide high surface area for the active sites. [23][24][25] After reaction at the active sites, the products are transferred by the mesopores and macropores to the outlet, successively. [26,27] Therefore, the Pursuing high energy efficiency and reaction rate is an effective direction in mitigating the energy and climate crisis. Mass transfer intensification is a powerful approach to enhance the energy efficiency and reaction rate in the energy conversion and storage processes. The nature-inspired channels are outstanding tools to uniformly distribute the reactants, fast remove products, and reduce the diffusion distance for mass transfer intensification in monolithic adsorbents, structured catal...

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“…Nowadays, various techniques have emerged to manufacture these electrochemical parts, including fused deposition modeling (FDM), inkjet printing, select laser melting (SLM), and stereolithography (SLA) [9][10][11]. Among these techniques, FDM is considered the most common method for the manufacture of desired electrodes [12,13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Covalently modified enzymatic 3D-printed bioelectrode

Wang

Pumera

2021

Microchim Acta

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printing has showed great potential for the construction of electrochemical sensor devices. However, reported 3D-printed biosensors are usually constructed by physical adsorption and needed immobilizing reagents on the surface of functional materials. To construct the 3D-printed biosensors, the simple modification of the 3D-printed device by non-expert is mandatory to take advantage of the remote, distributed 3D printing manufacturing. Here, a 3D-printed electrode was prepared by fused deposition modeling (FDM) 3D printing technique and activated by chemical and electrochemical methods. A glucose oxidase-based 3D-printed nanocarbon electrode was prepared by covalent linkage method to an enzyme on the surface of the 3Dprinted electrode to enable biosensing. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy were used to characterize the glucose oxidase-based biosensor. Direct electrochemistry glucose oxidase-based biosensor with higher stability was then chosen to detect the two biomarkers, hydrogen peroxide and glucose by chronoamperometry. The prepared glucose oxidase-based biosensor was further used for the detection of glucose in samples of apple cider. The covalently linked glucose oxidase 3D-printed nanocarbon electrode as a biosensor showed excellent stability. This work can open new doors for the covalent modification of 3D-printed electrodes in other electrochemistry fields such as biosensors, energy, and biocatalysis. Keywords 3D-printed electrode . Electrochemical detection . Covalent modification . Hydrogen peroxide . Glucose This article is part of the Topical Collection on 3D printing manufacturing technologies for the advancement of analytical sciences * Martin Pumera

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Fused deposition modeling (FDM) based 3D printing of microelectrodes and multi-electrode probes

Cited by 24 publications

References 38 publications

Fused deposition modelling: Current status, methodology, applications and future prospects

Fused deposition modelling: Current status, methodology, applications and future prospects

Hierarchically Structured Components: Design, Additive Manufacture, and Their Energy Applications

Covalently modified enzymatic 3D-printed bioelectrode

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