Future Directions in the Study of Personality in Adulthood and Older Age

Leszko, Magdalena; Elleman, Lorien G.; Bastarache, Emily D.; Graham, Eileen K; Mroczek, Daniel K.

doi:10.1159/000434720

Cited by 59 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 53 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…It has the potential to influence health via several mechanisms [10], including engagement in health-damaging or health-enhancing behaviours, illness behaviour in response to symptom perception or diagnosis of illness, or susceptibility to stress-induced physiological arousal, which may contribute to the development or progression of illness. There is evidence that levels of personality traits may change in adulthood in some people, if not in most, possibly in response to biological or environmental factors [11–13]. Such changes have been linked with later adverse health outcomes, including mortality [14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Personality and Risk of Frailty: the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing

et al. 2016

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

BackgroundThere is evidence that the personality traits conscientiousness, extraversion and neuroticism are associated with health behaviours and with risk of various health outcomes. We hypothesised that people who are lower in conscientiousness or extraversion or higher in neuroticism may be at greater risk of frailty in later life.MethodsWe used general linear models to examine the prospective relation between personality, assessed using the Midlife Development Inventory, and change in frailty, modelled by a frailty index, in 5314 men and women aged 60 to over 90 years from the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing.ResultsMen and women with higher levels of neuroticism or lower levels of extraversion or conscientiousness had an increased frailty index score at follow-up. After adjustment for potential confounding or mediating variables, including frailty index score at baseline, the frailty index score at follow-up—which potentially ranges from 0 to 1—was higher by 0.035 (95 % confidence interval 0.018, 0.052) for a standard deviation increase in neuroticism and lower by 0.061 (0.031, 0.091) or 0.045 (0.020, 0.071) for a standard deviation increase in extraversion or conscientiousness, respectively. There was some evidence that the association between extraversion and frailty may be due to reverse causation whereby poorer health affected responses to items in the personality inventory.ConclusionsHigher levels of neuroticism or lower levels of conscientiousness or extraversion may be risk factors for the onset or progression of frailty. Future studies need to replicate these observations in other populations and explore the mechanisms underlying these associations.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Personality and Risk of Frailty: the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing

et al. 2016

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Future work should consider whether SRM changes when an individual finds out their relative has dementia. Similarly, some studies have identified personality changes with age 48 that may impact older adults' SRM over time as well. Despite these limitations, this study has several strengths.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Combined Influences of Dementia Exposure and Personality on Self-Reported Memory Problems

Mogle

Hill

Bell

et al. 2020

Am J Alzheimers Dis Other Demen

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The current study investigated whether having a first-degree relative with dementia influenced older adults’ self-reported memory, if personality traits moderated these associations, and whether these associations differed by the type of item asked (ie, frequency of memory problems vs perceived memory decline). Data drawn from the Einstein Aging study included 454 older adults ( M age = 76.64, standard deviation = 4.77, 66.96% white, and 63% female). Multilevel modeling analyses showed participants who had a first-degree relative with dementia reported more frequent memory problems and were more likely to report memory decline over the past year. Among participants with a first-degree relative with dementia, higher levels of neuroticism were related to reports of more frequent memory problems at baseline, whereas higher levels of conscientiousness and lower levels of extraversion were related to reports of more frequent memory problems over time. Future research should consider personality traits and family history of dementia as potential contributors to self-reported memory problems.

show abstract

“…Kepribadian sebagai aspek non biologis memiliki fungsi utama dalam menentukan aksi dan perilaku untuk menghadapi/mencari solusi melalui fungsi kognitif dan fungsi emosinya (Shaw, Nguyen, Satterfield, Ramirez, & McKnight, 2015;Hill dkk, 2014). Selain itu kepribadian dalam beberapa penelitian ternyata dapat mengalami perubahan (permeable) bagi mayoritas orang (Jones & Meredith, 1996;Bleidorn, Kandler, Riemann, Spinath, & Angleitner, 2009;Leszko, Elleman, Bastarache, Graham, & Mroczek, 2016). Dalam segi pendidikan (Alkies & Temizel, 2018;Erton, 2010), kepribadian juga ditemukan memiliki pengaruh terhadap tipe media pembelajaran termasuk juga dalam bahasa, begitu juga jika seorang individu memiliki cita-cita menjadi seorang atlet atau pekerja lapangan berarti harus memiliki dominasi kepribadian extrovert supaya unggul (Akpinar & Akpinar, 2018).…”

Section: Pendahuluanunclassified

Pengaruh Tipe Kepribadian dan Jenis Stimulus Flanker terhadap Performansi Fungsi Eksekutif dan Akurasi Memori Kerja

Hartanto

2019

ANALITIKA

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Tipe kepribadian extrovert dan introvert memiliki impact yang berbeda dalam pola pikir dan perilaku individu, namun apakah juga berbeda dalam kinerja fungsi eksekutif dan memori kerja. Penelitian ini mencoba mendalami hal tersebut dengan mengkombinasikan tiga variable bebas (kepribadian, jenis trial dan stimuli) dan dua variable tergantung (RT dan akurasi) dari variabel fungsi eksekutif dan memori. Analisis menggunakan ANOVA 3 jalur. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa 1) kepribadian extrovert lebih cepat waktu reaksinya dibanding dengan introvert. 2) Ada perbedaan yang signifikan antara waktu reaksi dalam jenis trial (p-value = 0.02). 3) Trial incongruent memiliki akurasi yang rendah dibandingkan dengan trial congruent (p-value = 0.003). 1) Extrovert cenderung menyukai tantangan dan keinginan untuk secepat mungkin menyelesaikan masalah. Fungsi eksekutif lebih cepat pada ekstrovet daripada introvert. 2) Performa fungsi eksekutif pada tipe trial kongruen lebih cepat dari inkongruen. Keraguan muncul dalam kelompok subjek introvert. 3) Akurasi working memory pada trial inkongruen lebih rendah dari kongruen. Akurasi pada tipe kongruen apapun jenisnya lebih mudah diingat dari pada inkongruen.

show abstract

Future Directions in the Study of Personality in Adulthood and Older Age

Cited by 59 publications

References 53 publications

Personality and Risk of Frailty: the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing

Personality and Risk of Frailty: the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing

Combined Influences of Dementia Exposure and Personality on Self-Reported Memory Problems

Pengaruh Tipe Kepribadian dan Jenis Stimulus Flanker terhadap Performansi Fungsi Eksekutif dan Akurasi Memori Kerja

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About