“…The FPA algorithm is used for optimization engineering and non-engineering problem (Priyadarshi et al , 2018; Templos-Santos and Aguilar-Mejia, 2019; Patel et al , 2020a; Zhao et al , 2019; Sun et al , 2018; Jain et al , 2018), however, the use of the metaheuristic algorithm in fault-tolerant control (FTC) applications is novel and proposed in the article, in addition, the metaheuristic FPA is used to design adaptive parameterization of type-1 fuzzy controller membership functions (MFs) for process control benchmark control problem with uncertainties. In recent (Priyadarshi et al , 2018; Templos-Santos and Aguilar-Mejia, 2019; Patel et al , 2020a; Lagunes et al ., 2018a, b; Bernal et al , 2019; Patel and Shah, 2022a, b; Patel, 2021), various metaheuristic algorithms are used to optimize fuzzy controllers for different engineering applications but due to advantages of the FPA (i.e. fewer parameters for tuning, random flight based algorithm, etc.)…”