Fuzzy Logic Application in Boron and Cadmium Analysis in U₃O₈ use of Emission Spectrograph Method

Abstract

Boron and cadmium in U 3 O 8 have been analyzed with emission spectrograph. Three inputs of emission spectrograph, current (A), exposure time (second) and gap between electrodes (mm) were varied. Two outputs, boron and cadmium lines intensities respectively were selected and measured. Thirteen experiments have been carried out and data found were calculated by fuzzy logic Mamdani-type. Three and five memberships functions of straight-line (Triangular, Trapezoidal), Generalized-bell and Gaussian curve were used to analyze the found data. The result found that five memberships functions had less error percentage range than three memberships functions of straight-line (Triangular, Trapezoidal), Generalizedbell and Gaussian curve. The error percentage range of cadmium analysis was wider than boron analysis with this method. Analysis of cadmium in U 3 O 8 with this method needs much exposure time compare to analysis of boron.

The Use of Digital Image Processing in Analysis of Boron, Cadmium in Thorium Oxide Without Carrier Distilation With Emission Spectrograph Method

“…Thorium nitrate is not stable in high temperature, it will be decomposed into thorium oxide and NO2 therefore, calcinations of thorium nitrate should be done prior to atomization (9) . If thorium nitrate were used as a matrix which is not chemically stable it would produce strong interference from chemical and physical reaction during the excitation.…”

“…As the applied current continues, electrons accelerated across the counter and working electrode gap it brings about the temperature increases. Traditionally, it takes only 25 seconds to record all spectra emitted in a photographic detector of X-ray film for thorax, but 10 seconds were used for stability (9) . Temperature on the working electrode is rising dramatically from room temperature to around 1000 o C in 25 seconds, after 25 seconds experiment was automatically stopped.…”

“…It is a compulsory for the system, in this case of thorium oxide matrix and graphite as a counter and working electrodes to reach a state of thermal in stability rising temperature dramatically is reached. If thorium oxide were stable, analyte signal of boron and cadmium either from samples or standards would also be lightly fluctuated (9) . Fluctuation of analyte B and Cd signal either from samples and standards would influence the quantitative analysis quality.…”