Fuzzy Logic-Based Routing Algorithm for Lifetime Enhancement in Heterogeneous Wireless Sensor Networks

Abstract

Energy consumption of sensor nodes is a key factor affecting the lifetime of wireless sensor networks (WSNs). Prolonging network lifetime not only requires energy efficient operation, but also even dissipation of energy among sensor nodes. On the other hand, spatial and temporal variations in sensor activities create energy imbalance across the network. Therefore, routing algorithms should make an appropriate tradeoff between energy efficiency and energy consumption balancing to extend the network lifetime. In this paper, we propose a Distributed Energy-aware Fuzzy Logic based routing algorithm (DEFL) that simultaneously addresses energy efficiency and energy balancing. Our design captures network status through appropriate energy metrics and maps them into corresponding cost values for the shortest path calculation. We seek fuzzy logic approach for the mapping to incorporate human logic. We compare the network lifetime performance of DEFL with other popular solutions including MTE, MDR and FA. Simulation results demonstrate that the network lifetime achieved by DEFL exceeds the best of all tested solutions under various traffic load conditions. We further numerically compute the upper bound performance and show that DEFL performs near the upper bound.

Beam-centric Handover Decision in Dense 5G-mmWave Networks

“…FL has been widely used in literature for designing decision making algorithms [11]. FL follows human reasoning in deducting meaningful data from multiple conflicting parameters when uncertainty and imprecision is present.…”

“…where W is transmission bandwidth and N f and N F are noise floor value and noise figure respectively. By using (11), the average throughput (AT ), i.e. bit/sec., before considering handover cost can be expressed as…”

Fuzzy Inference Routing Algorithm to Enhance the Network Lifetime of Heterogeneous Wireless Sensor Networks

“…The need of the connected nodes will help to utilize the energy as least as possible. The method will be compared with the existing methods like MDR [7], MTE [8], FA [9], DEFL [10] and the proposed F-DEFL.…”

Multi-Level Multi-Constraint Multi-Priority Fuzzy Sensor Routing (M3L-C-PFSR)

“…The authors [6] developed an Objective Function (OF) that uses fuzzy logic to dynamically adjust to changeable radio conditions and limited energy issues. The authors discussed [7] a distributed energy-aware fuzzy logic based routing (DEF) which takes energy metrics and also mapping them to the corresponding cost values for the estimation of the shortest path which solves the issues of energy efficiency and also balancing the energy The authors [8,9,10] discussed on multi-path-based routing protocols which enhance the reliability by multiple paths. yet, the main problem is route coupling and there is no addressing the issue of buffer management which further enhances the QoS The authors [11] proposed a Multi-layer WSN buffer management scheme which decreases the number of packet drop by dividing network topology into three logically layers based on sensors' information.…”