“…Therefore, the fuzzy control is a convenient choice because it is possible to finely tune the control actions in a nonlinear fashion for different tracking error ranges [24]. Hence, in order to improve its control performance, in some nonlinear systems and in the case of strong disturbances, fuzzy and PID controllers are used in parallel [24,32]. In view of the characteristics of nonlinearity for CPR, a proportional-integral controller needs to be added in parallel to the fuzzy controller for the tracking control of the CPR in order to improve the steady-state error performance.…”