Self-catalyzed AlGaAs
nanowires (NWs) and NWs with a GaAs quantum
dot (QD) were monolithically grown on Si(111) substrates via solid-source
molecular beam epitaxy. This growth technique is advantageous in comparison
to the previously employed Au-catalyzed approach, as it removes Au
contamination issues and renders the structures compatible with complementary
metal–oxide–semiconductor (CMOS) technology applications.
Structural studies reveal the self-formation of an Al-rich AlGaAs
shell, thicker at the NW base and thinning towards the tip, with the
opposite behavior observed for the NW core. Wide alloy fluctuations
in the shell region are also noticed. AlGaAs NW structures with nominal
Al contents of 10, 20, and 30% have strong room temperature photoluminescence,
with emission in the range of 1.50–1.72 eV. Individual NWs
with an embedded 4.9 nm-thick GaAs region exhibit clear QD behavior,
with spatially localized emission, both exciton and biexciton recombination
lines, and an exciton line width of 490 μeV at low temperature.
Our results demonstrate the properties and behavior of the AlGaAs
NWs and AlGaAs/GaAs NWQDs grown via the self-catalyzed approach for
the first time and exhibit their potential for a range of novel applications,
including nanolasers and single-photon sources.