Gabaergic regulation of the neural organization of fear in the midbrain tectum

Brandão, Marcus Lira; Borelli, Karina Genaro; Nobre, Manoel Jorge; Santos, Julia M.; Albrechet‐Souza, Lucas; Oliveira, Amanda Ribeiro de; Martinez, Raquel Chacon Ruiz

doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2005.04.013

Cited by 128 publications

(93 citation statements)

References 104 publications

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“…This reaction is similar to those observed in animals confronted by predators or dangerous environmental cues and has been associated with panic attacks (Graeff 2004;Vianna et al 2001;Brandão et al 2005). Stimulation of the dPAG also produces antinociception considered part of the unconditioned defense reaction (Fanselow and Helmstetter 1988;Brandão et al 1990;Castilho et al 2002).…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 59%

“…The dorsal periaqueductal gray (dPAG) is a central structure of the so-called brain aversion system responsible for several behavioral and somatic responses characteristic of high states of fear in rats (Adams 1979;Bandler and DePaulis 1988;Graeff et al 1990;Brandão et al 2005) cats (Hunsperger 1956), monkeys (Jurgens and Pratt 1979), and mice (Miczek et al 1985). This reaction is similar to those observed in animals confronted by predators or dangerous environmental cues and has been associated with panic attacks (Graeff 2004;Vianna et al 2001;Brandão et al 2005).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 90%

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Evidence for mediation of nociception by injection of the NK-3 receptor agonist, senktide, into the dorsal periaqueductal gray of rats

et al. 2008

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 59%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Evidence for mediation of nociception by injection of the NK-3 receptor agonist, senktide, into the dorsal periaqueductal gray of rats

et al. 2008

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“…It has long been acknowledged that behavioral (3,11,24,27), cardiovascular (22), and respiratory (15) components of the defense response are under tonic GABAergic control in the dPAG. The present data demonstrate that the sympathoexcit- atory component is also subject to GABAergic inhibition.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cannabinoid and GABA modulation of sympathetic nerve activity and blood pressure in the dorsal periaqueductal gray of the rat

Dean

2011

American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comp

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Sympathoexcitation and increased blood pressure evoked by central networks integrating defensive behavior are fundamental to the acute stress response. A balance between excitatory glutamatergic and inhibitory GABAergic neurotransmission in the dorsal periaqueductal gray (dPAG) results in a tonic level of activity in the alerting system. Neuromodulators such as endocannabinoids have been shown to influence the sympathoexcitatory and pressor components of acute stress in the dPAG, exemplified by the defense response as a model, but the mechanism of integration remains unknown. The present study examines the role of GABA and its interaction with endocannabinoids in modulating sympathetic nerve activity and blood pressure related to the defense response. Microinjection of the broad-spectrum excitatory amino acid dl-homocysteic acid (DLH) identified sites of the defense pathway in the dPAG from which an increase in renal sympathetic nerve activity and blood pressure could be evoked, and subsequent microinjections were made at the same site through a multibarrelled micropipette. Blockade of GABAA receptors or microinjection of the cannabinoid 1 receptor agonist anandamide elicited a renal sympathoexcitation and pressor response. Prior microinjection of the GABAA receptor antagonist gabazine attenuated the sympathoexcitation and pressor response associated with anandamide microinjection. In contrast, the sympathetic response to DLH was enhanced by GABAA receptor blockade. These data demonstrate that sympathoexcitatory neurons in the dPAG are under tonic inhibition by GABA and that endocannabinoids modulate this GABAergic neurotransmission to help regulate components of the defense response.

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“…Furthermore, Ang receptors are expressed in the stress-sensitive brain structures including the hypothalamus, amygdala and periaqueductal gray (PAG) [24][25][26]. These structures are classically considered as components of the brain aversion system and seem to be responsible for the organization of fear and anxiety-like behaviors [27][28][29][30].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of angiotensin (5-8) microinfusions into the ventrolateral periaqueductal gray on defensive behaviors in rats

Genaro¹,

Juliano²,

Prado³

et al. 2013

Behavioural Brain Research

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Gabaergic regulation of the neural organization of fear in the midbrain tectum

Cited by 128 publications

References 104 publications

Evidence for mediation of nociception by injection of the NK-3 receptor agonist, senktide, into the dorsal periaqueductal gray of rats

Evidence for mediation of nociception by injection of the NK-3 receptor agonist, senktide, into the dorsal periaqueductal gray of rats

Cannabinoid and GABA modulation of sympathetic nerve activity and blood pressure in the dorsal periaqueductal gray of the rat

Effects of angiotensin (5-8) microinfusions into the ventrolateral periaqueductal gray on defensive behaviors in rats

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