Gadolinium-DTPA Transplacental Transfer and Distribution in Fetal Tissue in Rabbits

Novak, Zina; Thurmond, Amy S.; Ross, Penny L.; Jones, Marla K.; Thornburg, Kent L.; Katzberg, Richard W.

doi:10.1097/00004424-199309000-00015

Cited by 21 publications

(25 citation statements)

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“…The T1 enhancement in embryos (Figs. 2b, 3b) reveals that only a limited quantity of gadolinium-DOTA crosses the placental barrier, as previously observed in rabbits (Novak et al 1993).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 73%

Prenatal evaluation of kidney function in mice using dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging

et al. 2005

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Glomerular differentiation starts as soon as embryonic stage 12 in mice and suggests that kidneys may be functional at this stage. Dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance microscopy, a noninvasive imaging technique, was used to assess renal function establishment in utero. Indeed, in adults (n = 3), an intravenous injection of gadolinium-DOTA induced in a first step a massive and rapid drop in kidney signal intensity followed, in a second step, by a drop in bladder signal intensity. The delay in signal changes between kidney and bladder reflected glomerular filtration. Pregnant mice underwent anatomical and dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance microscopy on postcoital days 12-13 (n = 2), 13-14 (n = 1), 14-15 (n = 3), 15-16 (n = 2), 16-17 (n = 3), 17-18 (n = 3), and 18-19 (n = 1). Kidneys and bladder were unambiguously depicted prior to contrast agent injection on stage 15-16 embryos. Contrast agent injection allowed kidney, detection as early as stage 12-13 but not bladder. Kinetics of signal changes demonstrated that glomerular filtration is established at embryonic stage 15-16 in mice. Thus, anatomical and dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance microscopy may be a powerful noninvasive method for in vivo prenatal developmental and functional studies.

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“…The T1 enhancement in embryos (Figs. 2b, 3b) reveals that only a limited quantity of gadolinium-DOTA crosses the placental barrier, as previously observed in rabbits (Novak et al 1993).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 73%

Prenatal evaluation of kidney function in mice using dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging

et al. 2005

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“…In rabbits the highest placental gadolinium concentration occurred 5 min after gadopentetate dimeglumine injection with a decrease by 50% at 60 min [25]. Similarly in rats the highest placental concentration (18-30% of the injected dose) was seen at the end of the injection.…”

Section: Placental Transfer Of Contrast Mediamentioning

confidence: 84%

“…Gadolinium concentrations in other organs remained low [25]. The concentrations of gadolinium in the fetal kidney were theoretically high enough for MR imaging.…”

Section: Distribution and Excretionmentioning

confidence: 96%

The use of iodinated and gadolinium contrast media during pregnancy and lactation

Webb

Thomsen

Morcos³

2004

Eur Radiol

518

180

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The use of iodinated or gadolinium-based contrast media in pregnant or lactating women often causes concerns in the radiology department because of the principle of not exposing a fetus or neonate to any drugs. Because of the uncertainty about the use of contrast media during pregnancy and lactation, the Contrast Media Safety Committee of the European Society of Urogenital Radiology decided to review the literature and draw up guidelines. An extensive literature search was carried out and summarized in a report. Based on the limited information available, simple guidelines have been drawn up. The report and guidelines were discussed at the 11th European Symposium on Urogenital Radiology in Santiago de Compostela, Spain. Mutagenic and teratogenic effects have not been described after administration of gadolinium or iodinated contrast media. Free iodide in radiographic contrast medium given to the mother has the potential to depress fetal/neonatal thyroid function. Neonatal thyroid function should be checked during the 1st week if iodinated contrast media have been given during pregnancy. No effect on the fetus has been seen after gadolinium contrast media. Only tiny amounts of iodinated or gadolinium-based contrast medium given to a lactating mother reach the milk, and only a minute proportion entering the baby's gut is absorbed. The very small potential risk associated with absorption of contrast medium may be considered insufficient to warrant stopping breast-feeding for 24 h following either iodinated or gadolinium contrast agents.

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“…In fact, in vivo animal studies have shown that Gd chelates not only enhanced the placenta but crossed it, so the contrast agent could be seen in the fetal bladder. [23][24][25][26] The danger is not renal fi ltration by the fetus but the excretion of Gd and then its accumulation in the amnion. If the agent remains for a long time, there is a chance of dechelation, resulting in the release of free Ga 27 followed by exposure to the fetus (particularly lung and gut).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Magnetic resonance angiography of fetal vessels: feasibility study in the sheep fetus

et al. 2010

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Gadolinium-DTPA Transplacental Transfer and Distribution in Fetal Tissue in Rabbits

Cited by 21 publications

References 0 publications

Prenatal evaluation of kidney function in mice using dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging

Prenatal evaluation of kidney function in mice using dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging

The use of iodinated and gadolinium contrast media during pregnancy and lactation

Magnetic resonance angiography of fetal vessels: feasibility study in the sheep fetus

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