Gadolinium-environment in borate–tellurate glass ceramics studied by FTIR and EPR spectroscopy

Spectroscopic properties and ab initio calculations on the structure of erbium–zinc-borate glasses and glass ceramics

“…The erbium ions are situated between the layers. Moreover, the application of high pressure or high temperature can cause layers rebuilding from the non-cyclic 4 ] tetrahedral units (900-1100 cm − 1 ) [12][13][14][15]. The antisymmetric stretching mode causes that bands are centered at about 1050 cm − 1 , whereas the symmetric stretching frequency is located in the 850-900 cm − 1 region.…”

Structural and optical properties of the gadolinium–lead–germanate glasses

“…For sample with x = 20 mol% Gd 2 O 3 the EPR signals with g ≈ 2 and 4.8 are very intense [39]. These can be explained considering to the Gd + 3 ions will coordinate more with non-bridging oxygens leading the decreased of the number of individual Gd + 3 ions.…”

“…5). The spectrum with resonance lines g ≈ 4.8, 4.3 and 3.3 shows the disordered polycrystalline materials and corresponds to the type of Gd + 3 ions which can be presented as network former in the glass [37][38][39].…”

XRD and Microhardness Studies of Ni2+ and W6+ Transition Metal Ions Doped with Tellurite Barium Borate Glasses

“…According to Meyer's law [13] , the relation connecting the applied load is given by P = ad n ……………………………………………………………………… (2) Where n is the Meyer's index number or work hardening exponent and a is a constant for a given material. The value of work hardening exponent (n) was estimated from the plot of log P versus log d by the least square fit method.…”

“…The structureof vitreous B2O3consists of a random network of boroxol rings and [BO3] triangles connected by B-O-B linkages. It was reportedthataddition of a network modifier in borate glasses could producethe conversion of the triangular [BO3] structural units to [BO4] tetrahedral with a coordination number four [2] .Barium is a good candidate for development of Ba -based radiation shielding glass owing to strong absorption of x-rays, gamma-rays and non-toxicity compared with lead [3] .Compared to other tellurite glasses, WO3containing tellurite glasses have slightly higher phonon energy and higher glass transition temperature, therefore they can be used at high optical intensities without exposure to thermal damage. Addition of B2O3to tellurite glasses provides someunique features by enhancing the thermal and chemical stability andcrystallization resistance [4] .…”