Gain and loss in quantum cascade lasers

Wacker, A.; Lee, S.-C.

doi:10.1016/s0921-4526(01)01402-8

Cited by 5 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Retrieved linewidths at 1.5% dc and FTIR spectra show a similar behavior. Our findings are apparently in contradiction with recent theoretical calculations that state positive dependence of the QCL linewidth with temperature [22,23]. These calculations refer nevertheless to isothermal operation at a constant current (i) above the lasing threshold current (i th ).…”

Section: Wavelength Calibration and Linewidth Estimationcontrasting

confidence: 99%

Ozone detection by differential absorption spectroscopy at ambient pressure with a 9.6�?m pulsed quantum-cascade laser

Jiménez

Taslakov

Simeonov

et al. 2004

Applied Physics B: Lasers and Optics

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Section: Wavelength Calibration and Linewidth Estimationcontrasting

confidence: 99%

Ozone detection by differential absorption spectroscopy at ambient pressure with a 9.6�?m pulsed quantum-cascade laser

Jiménez

Taslakov

Simeonov

et al. 2004

Applied Physics B: Lasers and Optics

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“…7 and 14. In this paper, we present further and more detailed results from this study. In addition, we have extended the work further to the problem of evaluating the gain or absorption spectra of these structures, 15 and we also report and discuss results of this work here.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Nonequilibrium Green’s function theory for transport and gain properties of quantum cascade structures

2002

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The transport and gain properties of quantum cascade (QC) structures are investigated using a nonequilibrium Green's function (NGF) theory which includes quantum effects beyond a Boltzmann transport description. In the NGF theory, we include interface roughness, impurity, and electron-phonon scattering processes within a self-consistent Born approximation, and electronelectron scattering in a mean-field approximation. With this theory we obtain a description of the nonequilibrium stationary state of QC structures under an applied bias, and hence we determine transport properties, such as the current-voltage characteristic of these structures. We define two contributions to the current, one contribution driven by the scattering-free part of the Hamiltonian, and the other driven by the scattering Hamiltonian. We find that the dominant part of the current in these structures, in contrast to simple superlattice structures, is governed mainly by the scattering Hamiltonian. In addition, by considering the linear response of the stationary state of the structure to an applied optical field, we determine the linear susceptibility, and hence the gain or absorption spectra of the structure. A comparison of the spectra obtained from the more rigorous NGF theory with simpler models shows that the spectra tend to be offset to higher values in the simpler theories.

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“…This effect of temperature dependent broadening leading to a reduction of the gain, even in the presence of inversion, has been concluded using the NEGF simulations [20]. Using (14) and (15) the current density and peak gain is plotted at various lattice temperatures in Fig. 7a for the 4-well device and Fig.…”

Section: Simulation Of Resonant Phonon Depopulation Thz-qcl'smentioning

confidence: 65%

“…Depending on the whole host of potential scattering mechanisms treated the semiclassical models, such as the rate equation approaches [1][2][3][4] or the Monte Carlo procedures [5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13] can require hours for the simulation of a single device at a single operating temperature. These models are not only restricted in their ability for iterative design, or implementation into [14][15][16][17][18][19][20], correct these semiclassical deficiencies by treating coherent and incoherent phenomena simultaneously, however, at the expense of even greater computational demands.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Real-time modeling of quantum cascade laser operation using linear combinations of intrawell properties

Cooney

Sarangan

2010

J Comput Electron

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Description of multi-quantum well heterostructures based on localized properties of the constituent single well eigenstates permits invaluable insight into the relationships between structure design and device operation. Analytical descriptions of single well electronic states permits analytical evaluation of tight-binding parameters used to describe coupled well interactions. An expansion of Fermi's Golden Rule in the single well basis is presented under the assumption that transitions between delocalized states can be written as linear combinations of intrawell mean scattering rates. This assumption of localized transitions permits the construction of predetermined sets for the limited single well scattering events. Using a simplified density matrix description of transport, where incoherent scattering and coherent tunneling is restricted to intrawell and interwell transitions, respectively, allows for an easily accessible model of transport. The combination of these computational techniques produces a simulation tool requiring near zero computational time. Application of these techniques to a fourwell and a three-well resonant phonon depopulation quantum cascade laser demonstrates this method as a valuable tool for fast approximation of device operation.

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Gain and loss in quantum cascade lasers

Cited by 5 publications

References 15 publications

Ozone detection by differential absorption spectroscopy at ambient pressure with a 9.6�?m pulsed quantum-cascade laser

Ozone detection by differential absorption spectroscopy at ambient pressure with a 9.6�?m pulsed quantum-cascade laser

Nonequilibrium Green’s function theory for transport and gain properties of quantum cascade structures

Real-time modeling of quantum cascade laser operation using linear combinations of intrawell properties

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