Gait slowing as a predictor of incident dementia: 6-year longitudinal data from the Sydney Older Persons Study

Waite, Louise M.; Grayson, David; Piguet, Olivier; Creasey, Helen; Bennett, Hayley; Broe, G. A.

doi:10.1016/j.jns.2004.11.009

Cited by 239 publications

(199 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…75 In the Sydney Older Person Study, participants with cognitive impairment and slow gait were most likely to progress to dementia during a 6-year period. 76 The REAL FR study reported that an abnormal 1-leg balance predicts higher rate of cognitive decline. 77 On the other hand, during the 7-year follow-up of the Hispanic Established Population for the Epidemiologic Study of the Elderly (EPESE), participants with poor cognition had a steeper decline in physical performance than those with good cognition.…”

Section: Physical Activity and The Prevention Of Dementia Ad Or Cogmentioning

confidence: 99%

Healthy Brain Aging: Role of Exercise and Physical Activity

Rolland¹,

Kan²,

Vellas³

2010

Clinics in Geriatric Medicine

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Section: Physical Activity and The Prevention Of Dementia Ad Or Cogmentioning

confidence: 99%

Healthy Brain Aging: Role of Exercise and Physical Activity

Rolland¹,

Kan²,

Vellas³

2010

Clinics in Geriatric Medicine

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“…34 Several studies have found that changes in balance ability correlate significantly with changes in function. [35][36][37][38][39] Gait speed as a measure of bipedal locomotion is both a good way to summarize the overall burden of disease as well as a generic indicator of health status, prognosis, and the comorbid burden of disease in older persons. 40 The speed at which older individuals walk is relevant to their functioning in the community.…”

Section: 70) Of Pearson Correlations With Criterion Measuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…41,42 Moreover, gait speed is an important predictor of outcomes such as length of stay and discharge disposition of patients admitted for acute rehabilitation after stroke, 35 mortality, 36,37 incident ischemic stroke, 38 and incident dementia. 39 Cardiorespiratory and muscle endurance are important components of physical fitness and contribute to both performance and health status. People with better endurance are able to complete daily tasks, pursue leisure activities, and accomplish higher-intensity workloads.…”

Section: 70) Of Pearson Correlations With Criterion Measuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Motor assessment using the NIH Toolbox

et al. 2013

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Motor function involves complex physiologic processes and requires the integration of multiple systems, including neuromuscular, musculoskeletal, and cardiopulmonary, and neural motor and sensory-perceptual systems. Motor-functional status is indicative of current physical health status, burden of disease, and long-term health outcomes, and is integrally related to daily functioning and quality of life. Given its importance to overall neurologic health and function, motor function was identified as a key domain for inclusion in the NIH Toolbox for Assessment of Neurological and Behavioral Function (NIH Toolbox). We engaged in a 3-stage developmental process to: 1) identify key subdomains and candidate measures for inclusion in the NIH Toolbox, 2) pretest candidate measures for feasibility across the age span of people aged 3 to 85 years, and 3) validate candidate measures against criterion measures in a sample of healthy individuals aged 3 to 85 years (n 5 340). Based on extensive literature review and input from content experts, the 5 subdomains of dexterity, strength, balance, locomotion, and endurance were recommended for inclusion in the NIH Toolbox motor battery. Based on our validation testing, valid and reliable measures that are simultaneously low-cost and portable have been recommended to assess each subdomain, including the 9-hole peg board for dexterity, grip dynamometry for upper-extremity strength, standing balance test, 4-m walk test for gait speed, and a 2-minute walk test for endurance. Neurology Motor function, the ability to use and control muscles and movements, is integrally related to daily functioning and quality of life. Motor function is a complex physiologic process and requires the integration of multiple inputs and systems, including the neuromuscular, neurosensory, musculoskeletal, and cardiopulmonary systems. Impairments in motor function are often indicative of disorders of the central or peripheral nervous systems and can lead to increased risk of activity limitations, participation restrictions, and mortality in people across the lifespan.1,2 Accordingly, assessment of motor function was included as a major domain of the NIH Toolbox Assessment of Neurological and Behavioral Function (NIH Toolbox)-an initiative of the NIH Blueprint for Neuroscience Research that seeks to develop a brief but comprehensive set of standard measures of motor, cognitive, sensory, and emotional function across the age span from 3 to 85 years 3 for use in epidemiologic, longitudinal, and clinical research.Assessing change in motor function across the lifespan is a complex measurement task. Precise measures of motor function frequently require specialized testing environments and costly equipment. 4 Performance-based measures of motor function have demonstrated prognostic and diagnostic value at the individual and population levels 1,2,5 ; however, there is a lack of consistency in how motor function is measured across studies and across the age span that limits the generalizability of research fin...

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“…Another observational study reported that independent predictors of frailty, such as a slow walking speed, in combination with cognitive impairment, were associated with progression to dementia. 24 Finally, Buchman et al 25 showed that increasing levels of frailty were associated with greater incidence of Alzheimer's disease and a more rapid rate of decline in cognitive function in older persons. Although these studies show that cognitive impairment is associated with the development of frailty, future research using longitudinal study designs will be necessary to determine whether cognitive impairment is a risk factor for frailty and/or an adverse outcome of frailty.…”

Section: Dimensions and Models Related To Frailtymentioning

confidence: 99%