Healthy Brain Aging: Role of Exercise and Physical Activity

Rolland, Yves; Kan, Gabor Abellán van; Vellas, Bruno

doi:10.1016/j.cger.2009.11.002

Cited by 89 publications

(61 citation statements)

References 93 publications

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“…Alguns representam degenerações naturais, tendo como principais exemplos sarcopenia, imunossenescência, diminuição de densidade mineral óssea e aumento da incidência de doenças neurodegenerativas, cardiovasculares e de câncer [2][3][4]. Várias intervenções podem desacelerar o processo de envelhecimento, incluindo a diminuição do tabagismo, as dietas balanceadas, os processos de hidratação e principalmente a prática regular de exercícios físicos [5][6][7][8][9][10].…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Envelhecimento saudável e atividade física: uma revisão sistemática sobre os efeitos do exercício nas doenças cardiovasculares

Estrela¹,

Bauer

2017

Sci Med

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Este artigo está licenciado sob forma de uma licença Creative Commons Atribuição 4.0 Internacional, que permite uso irrestrito, distribuição e reprodução em qualquer meio, desde que a publicação original seja corretamente citada. AbStRActAims: To perform a systematic review of randomized controlled trials that assess the benefits of physical exercise (regular or competitive) for the health of the elderly and prevention of cardiovascular diseases. Methods: Publications in PubMed, Web of Science, Library of Congress, Cochrane, and in databases with records of clinical trials between 2005 and 2016, and also in the proceedings of major congresses on cardiovascular diseases in the elderly were investigated using the terms defined in accordance with the "patient, intervention, comparison, and outcome" methodology. The following key words were used: physical effort, exercise, exercise therapy, physical activity, physical fitness, resistance training, cardiovascular disease, C-reactive protein, dyslipidemia, heart failure, cardiac insufficiency, revascularization, cardiac stent and heart transplant. Only randomized clinical trials with individuals aged over 60 years were included. The articles were assessed independently by two reviewers.Results: A total of 3,672 studies were assessed and 24 that met the inclusion criteria were selected. Most of these studies had small sample sizes and showed physical exercise as health-promoting. Only 16 studies reported the relationship of adherence to physical exercise as a preventive factor against cardiovascular diseases. The outcome measures included quality of life, physical ability or fitness status, muscle strength, heart rate, psychological aspects, inflammatory and nutritional markers, and progression of cardiovascular diseases. There is strong evidence that aerobic exercise improves physical fitness, muscle strength, and the quality of life of elderly patients with cardiovascular disease. Conclusions:The benefits of exercise training for elderly patients with cardiovascular disease are well established, supporting the prescription of exercise training for their regular treatments. Interventions that use exercise need to be progressively included in cardiovascular treatment regimens, although the best exercise protocol for patients with cardiovascular disease is not yet fully established.

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Section: Introductionunclassified

Envelhecimento saudável e atividade física: uma revisão sistemática sobre os efeitos do exercício nas doenças cardiovasculares

Estrela¹,

Bauer

2017

Sci Med

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“…In contrast, increased physical activity in the form or aerobic exercise prevents the long-term weight gain that is associated with aging (Littman, Kristal et al 2005), and reduces risk for both cardiovascular events and cognitive impairment (Nash and Fillit 2006). More recently, clinical research demonstrated that regular physical exercise can reduce the risks for cognitive impairment and neurodegeneration (Radak, Hart et al), or help maintain (Plassman, Williams et al ;Deslandes, Moraes et al 2009) or improve (Rolland, Abellan van Kan et al ;Weih, Abu-Omar et al 2009;Baker, Frank et al 2010) cognitive function in the elderly. Experimentally, physical exercise was demonstrated to reduce the AβPP-Aβ burden in transgenic mouse brains (Adlard, Perreau et al 2005), although other studies suggest that improved cognitive performance and neurotrophin f u n c t i o n w e r e m e d i a t e d b y physical activity with environmental enrichment (Wolf, Kronenberg et al 2006).…”

Section: Sedentary Lifestyles Contribute To Brain Insulin/igf Resistancementioning

confidence: 99%

Insulin Resistance, Cognitive Impairment and Neurodegeneration: Roles of Nitrosamine Exposure, Diet and Lifestyles

Monte¹,

Tong²,

Wands³

2011

Alzheimer's Disease Pathogenesis-Core Concepts, Shifting Paradigms and Therapeutic Targets

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“…Sedentary people not only have lower cognitive performances compared to people who perform physical activities, they also show a faster decline in cognitive performance (Laurin et al, 2001;Scarmeas et al, 2001Scarmeas et al, , 2009Yaffe et al, 2001Yaffe et al, , 2009Weuve et al, 2004;Podewils et al, 2005;Middleton et al, 2010;Plassman et al, 2010;Rolland et al, 2010;Williams and Kemper, 2010 ). Most studies show that a sedentary midlife or youth is associated with a faster cognitive decline and higher risk of dementia (Friedland et al , 2001 ;Dik et al , 2003 ;Weuve et al , 2004 ;Rovio et al , 2005 ;Middleton et al , 2010 ), but not all studies show this association (Carlson et al , 2008 ).…”

Section: Isolationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impoverished environment, cognition, aging and dementia

Volkers¹,

Scherder²

2011

Revneuro

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Animals living in an impoverished environment, i.e., without the possibility of physical and social activity, perform worse on cognitive tests compared to animals in an enriched environment. The same cognitive difference is also observed in humans. However, it is not clear whether this difference is caused by a decrease in cognition due to an impoverished environment or an increase due to an enriched environment. This review discusses the impact of an impoverished environment on cognition in animal experimental studies and human experimental studies with community-dwelling and institutionalized older people. Results show that the cognitive functioning of old rats is more affected by an impoverished environment than young rats. Similarly, sedentary and lonely people (impoverished environment) have worse cognitive functioning and show a faster cognitive decline than physically and socially active people. Institutionalization further aggravates cognitive decline, probably due to the impoverished environment of nursing homes. In institutions, residents spend an unnecessary and excessive amount of time in bed; out of bed they show mainly sedentary or completely passive behavior. In conclusion, older people, especially those that have been institutionalized, have poor levels of physical and social activity, which in turn has a negative impact on cognitive functioning.

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Healthy Brain Aging: Role of Exercise and Physical Activity

Cited by 89 publications

References 93 publications

Envelhecimento saudável e atividade física: uma revisão sistemática sobre os efeitos do exercício nas doenças cardiovasculares

Envelhecimento saudável e atividade física: uma revisão sistemática sobre os efeitos do exercício nas doenças cardiovasculares

Insulin Resistance, Cognitive Impairment and Neurodegeneration: Roles of Nitrosamine Exposure, Diet and Lifestyles

Impoverished environment, cognition, aging and dementia

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