Gallbladder cancer: South American experience

Arroyo, Gerardo F.; Gentile, Alberto; Parada, Luis Antonio

doi:10.21037/cco.2016.10.01

Cited by 13 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…In Chile and western Argentina, age-standardized mortality rate (ASMR) is high, and in Western countries such as Peru and Ecuador, age-standardized incidence rate (ASIR, equivalent to ASMR) is high. The statistic indicated that people in a range of areas near the Andes are more likely to develop GBC ( 4 ). There are also researches indicated that the Indian Ganges plain in India, the Mapuche Indians in Chile and South America are the most affected areas ( 5 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

PD-L1 for gallbladder cancer: case report

Li¹,

Xian²,

Hua³

et al. 2020

Transl Cancer Res TCR

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The clinical outcome of the advanced biliary tract cancer (BTC) is unfavorable, and the mortality rate is high. With local advance and metastasis, the median survival time is less than 1 year. But this patient survived 14 months with no signs of progress under treatment in our hospital. And the patient situation is stable recently. This case report can provide a treatment template for clinicians. This patient was appeared dull pain in the upper abdomen, occasionally poor defaecating. After a series of medical tests, the patient was diagnosed with advanced gallbladder cancer (GBC). This patient received chemotherapy (oxaliplatin 220 mg d1 + capecitabine 1,500 mg bid d1–14; capecitabine 1,500 mg bid d1–14; gemcitabine 1.4 g d1, 8 + capecitabine 1,500 mg bid d1–14) combined with immunotherapy (pembrolizumab 200 mg). The patient is still alive.. And there were no signs of progress. The researches on the treatment of GBC are rare, and only standard first-line treatment, lack of second-line treatment of GBC. This patient of advanced GBC received standard first-line treatment (oxaliplatin 220 mg d1 + capecitabine 1,500 mg bid d1–14; capecitabine 1,500 mg bid d1–14; gemcitabine 1.4 g d1, 8 + capecitabine 1,500 mg bid d1–14) combined with immunotherapy (pembrolizumab 200 mg), the effect is fine and is expected to contribute to the treatment of BTC.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

PD-L1 for gallbladder cancer: case report

Li¹,

Xian²,

Hua³

et al. 2020

Transl Cancer Res TCR

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“…Gallbladder carcinoma is very rare and has a very high mortality rate. Its high prevalence in areas such as South America is attributed especially to the non-modifiable risk factors, in particular, the genetic background [4]. Yet, the most common risk factor worldwide remains chronic cholecystitis due to gallstones.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A family history of gallstone disease accounts for around 25% risk of developing cholelithiasis, a well-established risk factor of GBC, with gallstones found in about 85% of GBC cases [3]. Evidence regarding genetic factors that may also contribute to the development of GBC includes variants of genes related to lipid metabolism such as the rs693 polymorphism of the Apolipoprotein B as well as certain gene variants involved in arsenic metabolism (haplotypes of the Arsenic Methyl Transferase gene AS3MT) [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Case Report: Rare Case of Gallbladder Carcinoma Misdiagnosed as Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma in a 5 Week Pregnant Woman

Emmanuel¹

2020

Int J Clin Res

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Background: Gallbladder carcinoma is the fifth most common gastrointestinal malignant neoplasm and the most frequent malignant tumor of the biliary tract. It has a poor prognosis, with a 50% 1-year survival rate for patients with stage 1 disease. Unfortunately, this rare disease usually presents at a more advanced stage, with a 5-year survival rate of only 5%.Case Presentation: The present study describes a case of gallbladder adenocarcinoma presenting in a 34 years old female patient of 5 weeks gestational age in the form of a right upper quadrant pain radiating to the back. The patient had no known history of gallstones, cholecystitis, chronic H. pylori infection or other risk factors. Being 5 weeks pregnant, imaging was first restricted to an abdominopelvic ultrasound and MRI without contrast, which revealed a peri-duodenal-pancreatic mass. There was a high suspicion of pancreatic tumor after an endoscopic ultrasound FNA had revealed an adenocarcinoma, on pathology. It was only after opting for a Whipple procedure that pathology revealed that the primary tumor was a gallbladder adenocarcinoma with an 8 cm peri-pancreatic mass, represented by a poorly-differentiated adenocarcinoma, that probably developed within a lymph node. Fortunately, the patient presented early and resection was successfully performed. She is followingup with oncology for chemotherapy.Conclusions: The purpose of this report is to highlight a rare disease occurring in a young pregnant patient, and how it was misdiagnosed as a pancreatic adenocarcinoma due to the involvement of the peri-pancreatic lymph node, the results of the EUS guided FNA, and of the preoperative imaging studies.

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“…Prevalence of gallbladder cancer is highest among extrahepatic biliary cancers and is associated with distinct epidemiological features, 1 including high prevalence among women, particularly in countries with a low sociodemographic index 2‐4 ; and high prevalence rates among American Indians and populations in South America, Asia, and the Middle East 2‐3,5‐7 . Genetic factors are thought to contribute to increased risk in some of these populations 8‐10 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[2][3][5][6][7] Genetic factors are thought to contribute to increased risk in some of these populations. [8][9][10] Relying on the presentation and stage of disease, the prognosis of patients with gallbladder cancer varies greatly. Gallbladder cancer is staged using the Tumor, Node, and Metastasis (TNM) system.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Survival benefits of simple versus extended cholecystectomy and lymphadenectomy for patients with T1b gallbladder cancer: An analysis of the surveillance, epidemiology, and end results database (2004 to 2013)

Tan

Huang

et al. 2020

Cancer Medicine

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Although guidelines recommend extended surgical resection, radical resection and lymphadenectomy for patients with tumor stage (T)1b gallbladder cancer, these procedures are substantially underutilized. This population‐based, retrospective cohort study aimed to evaluate treatment patterns and outcomes of 401 patients using the US Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database from 2004 to 2013. Results showed that median overall survival (OS) was 69 months for lymphadenectomy patients and 37 months for those without lymphadenectomy. Lymphadenectomy also tended to prolong cancer‐specific survival (CSS), although the differences were not statistically significant. OS and CSS were similar for patients who received simple cholecystectomy and extended surgical resection. Cox proportional hazards regression models revealed survival advantages in patients with stage T1bN0 gallbladder cancer compared to those with stage T1bN1, and patients who received simple cholecystectomy plus lymphadenectomy compared to those who did not receive lymph node dissection. In further analyses, patients undergoing simple cholecystectomy who had five or more lymph nodes excised had better OS and CSS than those without lymph node dissection. In conclusion, survival advantages are shown for patients with T1b gallbladder cancer undergoing surgeries with lymphadenectomy. Future studies with longer follow‐up and control of potential confounders are highly warranted.

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Gallbladder cancer: South American experience

Cited by 13 publications

References 34 publications

PD-L1 for gallbladder cancer: case report

PD-L1 for gallbladder cancer: case report

A Case Report: Rare Case of Gallbladder Carcinoma Misdiagnosed as Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma in a 5 Week Pregnant Woman

Survival benefits of simple versus extended cholecystectomy and lymphadenectomy for patients with T1b gallbladder cancer: An analysis of the surveillance, epidemiology, and end results database (2004 to 2013)

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