Gallbladder lymphoma in a miniature dachshund

Abstract

A 7-year-old, miniature dachshund was referred for examination and treatment of persistent anorexia, deep yellow-coloured urine and leucocytosis. The clinical sign of jaundice, results from a serum biochemistry profile and ultrasonographic images suggested a biliary tract obstruction. A cholecystectomy was performed to remove the obstruction. Histopathological assessment of the resected gallbladder and partial common bile duct indicated diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. Twelve days after the initial operation, a second procedure was performed due to bile leakage into the abdominal cavity. Chemotherapy was administered twice after the second operation but discontinued, because the dog showed adverse effects. The dog is still alive 24 months after the surgery. To the authors’ knowledge, this is the first description of canine gallbladder lymphoma.

Canine extrahepatic biliary disease

“…Of the constituent components of the extrahepatic biliary system (i.e. hepatic ducts, cystic duct, CBD and gall bladder), malignant tumours of the gall bladder are most common, followed by the CBD (Hayes Jr et al 1983, Willard et al 1988, Bromel et al 1998b, Morrell et al 2002, Birettoni et al 2008, Lippo et al 2008, Bhandal et al 2009, Baker et al 2011, Nagata et al 2015, Bargellini et al 2018, Harrison et al 2018, O'Brien et al 2020. Importantly, the majority of reported cases of CBD neoplasms originate from the Hayes Jr et al (1983) study.…”

“…Importantly, the majority of reported cases of CBD neoplasms originate from the Hayes Jr et al (1983) study. Carcinoids, more commonly referred to as neuroendocrine tumours, are the most common neoplasm reported in the gall bladder followed by carcinomas and single reports of leiomyosarcoma, undifferentiated sarcoma, adenoma, fibroma and lymphoma (Hayes Jr et al 1983, Bromel et al 1998b, Morrell et al 2002, Lippo et al 2008, Bhandal et al 2009, Baker et al 2011, Nagata et al 2015, Bargellini et al 2018, O'Brien et al 2020. Carcinomas are most commonly reported to affect the CBD (Hayes Jr et al 1983).…”

“…carcinoid) tumours of the gall bladder can yield prolonged survival times (Shirai et al 1992, Yuza et al 2020. There is only a small case series and six case reports of gall bladder neoplasms in dogs that provide follow-up information, which suggest that like humans, dogs can have prolonged survival with cholecystectomy (Willard et al 1988, Bromel et al 1998b, Birettoni et al 2008, Lippo et al 2008, Baker et al 2011, Nagata et al 2015. O'Brien et al (2020) reported a prolonged survival time (median, 1358 days; range, 432 to 1834 days) in dogs with gall bladder neuroendocrine tumours that had a cholecystectomy performed.…”

“…Carcinomas are most commonly reported to affect the CBD (Hayes Jr et al 1983). A single case report described a dog with lymphoma identified in the gall bladder and CBD (Nagata et al 2015). Predispositions for Labrador retrievers and female-spayed dogs to biliary tract carcinomas were proposed in one study (Hayes Jr et al 1983).…”

Chronic Cholecystitis of Dogs: Clinicopathologic Features and Relationship with Liver

“…Major pathologies of canine gallbladders include inflammation (cholecystitis), bacterial infection, neoplasia, gallstone formation (cholelithiasis), rupture, and a massive accumulation of gelatinous mucus (mucocele) [ 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 ]. As ultrasonographic evaluation of this organ becomes common in veterinary practice, it is necessary to determine the relationship between abnormal imaging findings and histological changes in order to clarify the underlying pathogenesis and to predict disease outcomes [ 19 ].…”