Galloylglucoses and riccionidin A in Rhus javanica adventitious root cultures

Separation and Determination of Chemical Constituents in the Roots ofRhus JavanicaL. Var.Roxburghiana

“…The aqueous layer was further partitioned with EtOAc and n-BuOH, successively. The combined EtOAc soluble fractions were then separated using Si-open column chromatography and HPLC repeatedly to yield thirty seven components: betulonic acid (1), 10 betulinic acid (2), 11 betulin (3), 12 lantabetulic acid (4), 13 3-oxoolean-18-en-28-oic acid (5), 14 3b-hydroxyolean-18-en-28-oic acid (6), 15 3-oxo-6b-hydroxyolean-18-en-28-oic acid (7), 16 semimoronic acid (8), 13 3-O-methyl semimoronic acid (9), 17 3-oxoolean-12-en-28oic acid (10), 18 oleanolic acid (11), 19 lantanolic acid (12), 20 3-oxotirucalla-7,24-dien-21-oic acid (13), 21 dipterocarpol (14), 22 3b-hydroxy-22,23,24,25,26,27-hexanordammaran-20-one (15), 23 b-sitosterol (16), 24 stigmast-4-en-3-one (17), 25 stigmast-4-ene-3,6-dione (18), 26 stigmastane-3,6-dione (19), 25 stigmast-7-en-3-ol (20), 27 pinoresinol (21), 28 4-oxopinoresinol (22), 29 4¢,5,7-trihydroxyflavanone (23), 30 trans-3,4¢,7-trihydroxyflavanone (24), 31 vanillin (25), 32 methyl ferulate (26), 33 3,5-dihydroxytoluene (27), 34 4-hydroxy-3,5dimethoxybenzaldehyde (28), 35 methyl gallate (29), 36 2,6dimethoxy [1,4]benzoquinone (30), 37 3,4,5-trimethoxyben-Hz) having W-shaped 1 H-1 H correlations with those of Ha-1 and H-5, respectively. The orientation of H 2 -25 was assigned to be b-form by a NOESY experiment.…”

“…1 Its roots have been used in folk medicines as antitussives, and for the treatments of anasarca, jaundice, and snake bite. 2 The phytochemical studies on this plant have been reported earlier, and which have resulted in the isolation and characterization of flavonoids, [3][4] triterpenoids, [5][6][7] phenolics, 3,8 one tannin 9 and one aromatic alkane. 5 Recently, it has been shown from our preliminary pharmacological experiments that the ethyl acetate layer of the root extracts of this plant exhibited significant anti-proliferation activities on four cell lines including 59T (hepatoma), DLD-1 (colon cancer), HONE-1 (nasopharyngeal carcinoma), and SCM1 (stomach carcinoma).…”

Effect of PGRs in adventitious root culture in vitro: present scenario and future prospects

“…IAA accumulation in the IAA transporting tissue (Phloem) can stimulate the initiation of adventitious roots (Aloni et al 2004). The application of IAA plays a major role in adventitious root development in R. javanica (Taniguchi et al 2000). In contrast, other plant species like B. citriodora showed different response to auxin, because lack of endogenous auxins did not limit the formation of adventitious roots in cuttings (Davies 1984).…”

“…Thus, an efficient method is established for the induction of adventitious roots and isolation and characterization of phytochemicals in R. javanica. Adventitious root culture system in R. javanica was established by Taniguchi et al (2000) since the callus tissues developed in this plant (Taniguchi et al 1997) was ineffective for the production of large amounts of gallotannins and an anthocyanidin, riccionidin A. Adventitious roots were induced from leaf explants on Linsmaier and Skoog medium (Linsmaier and Skoog 1965) supplemented with IAA (10 -5 M) and Kin (10 -5 M) at 25°C in dark. HPLC analysis showed that cultured roots of R. javanica contained bulk amount of galloylglucoses (CGs, 30 gm/g dry weight).…”

Three new triterpenes from the roots ofRhus javanicaL. var.roxburghiana

“…Its roots have been used in folk medicines as refrigerant and anti-parasitic agents, and for the treatments of malaria and respiratory organ-related diseases [2]. Previous chemical examinations on R. javanica afforded flavonoids [3,4], triterpenoids [5 -7], phenolics [3,8], one tannin [9], and one aromatic alkane [5] from its stem, bark, leaves, gall, and adventitious root cultures. However, there has been no report on the constituents of the roots of R. javanica L. var.…”